Dorsey Kerri, Zou Shimian, Schonberger Lawrence B, Sullivan Marian, Kessler Debra, Notari Edward, Fang Chyang T, Dodd Roger Y
Jerome H. Holland Laboratory for the Biomedical Sciences, American Red Cross, Rockville, Maryland 20855, USA.
Transfusion. 2009 May;49(5):977-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2008.02056.x. Epub 2009 Jan 5.
Since 2004, several reported transfusion transmissions of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) in the United Kingdom have reawakened concerns about the possible risk of similar transmissions of nonvariant or classic forms of CJD.
Patients with a CJD diagnosis and a history of donating blood were reported to the study coordinator. Through review of blood distribution and hospital records, the recipients of blood components from these donors were identified. We then determined each recipient's vital status and, if deceased, the cause(s) of death identified by matching the recipient's personal identifiers with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Death Index database. We conducted such searches after recipients were enrolled in this study and annually thereafter for those who remained alive.
The study included a total of 36 blood donors who subsequently developed CJD and 436 recipients. Through 2006, 91 of these recipients were still alive, 329 were deceased, and 16 were lost to follow-up. After transfusion, these three groups had survived a total of 2096.0 person-years. A total of 144 recipients survived 5 years or longer after transfusion and 68 of them had received blood donated 60 or fewer months before the onset of CJD in the donor. We identified no recipient with CJD.
The current results of this large, ongoing lookback study show no evidence of transfusion transmission of CJD. They reinforce the conclusion that the risk, if any, of transfusion transmission of prion disease by CJD donors is significantly lower than the comparable risk of such transmission by vCJD donors.
自2004年以来，英国报告了几例变异型克雅氏病（vCJD）的输血传播病例，这再次引发了人们对非变异型或经典型克雅氏病类似传播风险的担忧。
向研究协调员报告了被诊断为克雅氏病且有献血史的患者。通过查阅血液分发记录和医院记录，确定了这些献血者所提供血液成分的接受者。然后我们确定了每位接受者的生命状态，如果已死亡，则通过将接受者的个人标识符与疾病控制和预防中心的国家死亡索引数据库进行匹配来确定死因。我们在接受者纳入本研究后进行了此类搜索，并在此后每年对仍在世的接受者进行搜索。
该研究共纳入了36名后来患上克雅氏病的献血者及其436名接受者。截至2006年，这些接受者中有91人仍在世，329人已死亡，16人失访。输血后，这三组人共存活了2096.0人年。共有144名接受者在输血后存活了5年或更长时间，其中有68人接受的血液是在献血者克雅氏病发病前60个月或更短时间内捐献的。我们未发现有接受者患上克雅氏病。
这项正在进行的大型回顾性研究的当前结果显示，没有证据表明克雅氏病可通过输血传播。这些结果强化了这样一个结论，即克雅氏病献血者传播朊病毒病的输血传播风险（如果存在的话）显著低于变异型克雅氏病献血者的类似传播风险。
