Schrager Sarina, Hoffmann Sarah
Department of Family Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53715, USA.
WMJ. 2008 Nov;107(7):327-30.
Despite the availability of reliable contraceptive methods in this country, half of all pregnancies are unintended. There is a scarcity of research in a primary care population that measures women's knowledge about commonly used contraceptive methods.
All women between 18 and 40 in the waiting room at 2 different family practice clinics were approached over a 2-week period. Women were asked to complete a short written questionnaire that included demographics, reproductive information, and 9 true/false questions about common contraceptive methods.
Two hundred fifty-two surveys were completed. Half of all women believed that condoms are 99% effective and only 57% knew that condoms were not as effective as oral contraceptive pills. Close to half of all the women received their contraceptive information from the clinic. Only 42% of the women knew that oral contraceptive pills can reduce the incidence of some types of cancer. There was not correlation between number of questions answered correctly and number of children, type of contraceptive used, age, or race/ethnicity. Twenty-six percent of the respondents were not using any contraception.
Overall, the women surveyed demonstrated fairly good knowledge of contraception methods. More women surveyed were aware that oral contraceptive pills can reduce the rate of uterine and ovarian cancer than in previous similar studies. Also, women in this survey were more likely to use intrauterine devices than the general population.
Health care professionals should develop more effective education about contraceptive methods.
尽管在这个国家有可靠的避孕方法，但所有怀孕中有一半是意外怀孕。在初级保健人群中，衡量女性对常用避孕方法了解程度的研究很少。
在两周时间内，对两家不同家庭医疗诊所候诊室里所有18至40岁的女性进行了调查。要求女性填写一份简短的书面问卷，内容包括人口统计学信息、生殖信息以及9道关于常见避孕方法的是非题。
共完成了252份调查问卷。所有女性中有一半认为避孕套的有效率为99%，只有57%的人知道避孕套不如口服避孕药有效。近一半的女性从诊所获得避孕信息。只有42%的女性知道口服避孕药可以降低某些类型癌症的发病率。正确回答的问题数量与子女数量、使用的避孕类型、年龄或种族/族裔之间没有相关性。26%的受访者未采取任何避孕措施。
总体而言，接受调查的女性对避孕方法表现出了相当不错的了解。与之前类似研究相比，更多接受调查的女性知道口服避孕药可以降低子宫癌和卵巢癌的发病率。此外，本次调查中的女性比普通人群更有可能使用宫内节育器。
医疗保健专业人员应开展更有效的避孕方法教育。
