Franklin S T, Young J W, Nonnecke B J
Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames 50011.
J Dairy Sci. 1991 Aug;74(8):2507-14. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78428-2.
Blood leukocytes from age-matched heifers were used to determine effects of ketones, acetate, butyrate, and glucose on in vitro lymphocyte proliferation. Lymphocytes stimulated with concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin-P, or pokeweed mitogen were cultured in the presence or absence of beta-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, acetone, acetate, butyrate, and glucose. Only supraphysiological levels of beta-hydroxybutyrate inhibited proliferation in cultures of mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes, whereas mixtures of beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate at levels seen in severe ketosis stimulated concanavalin A and phytohemagglutinin-P-driven proliferation. Because acetoacetate was a lithium salt, lithium chloride served as a negative control. Results suggest the enhanced proliferation by cultures containing lithium acetoacetate was due to lithium, not acetoacetate. Butyrate (at concentrations greater than seen in bovine plasma) and acetate at normal levels inhibited proliferation. Concanavalin A- and pokeweed-mitogen-driven proliferation was greater in cultures containing lower glucose levels, but acetate added to cultures containing low glucose inhibited concanavalin A-stimulated proliferation. Proliferation by pokeweed mitogen-stimulated cultures containing acetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and acetoacetate was suppressed at the lower concentrations of glucose tested. In conclusion, ketones, butyrate, and glucose at concentrations occurring in vivo had minimal effects on bovine lymphocyte proliferation in vitro. Levels of acetate associated with ketosis suppressed lymphocyte function and may alter immune responsiveness in vivo.
使用年龄匹配的小母牛的血液白细胞来确定酮、乙酸盐、丁酸盐和葡萄糖对体外淋巴细胞增殖的影响。用伴刀豆球蛋白A、植物血凝素-P或商陆有丝分裂原刺激的淋巴细胞在存在或不存在β-羟基丁酸盐、乙酰乙酸盐、丙酮、乙酸盐、丁酸盐和葡萄糖的情况下进行培养。只有超生理水平的β-羟基丁酸盐会抑制有丝分裂原刺激的淋巴细胞培养物中的增殖，而在严重酮血症中所见水平的β-羟基丁酸盐和乙酰乙酸盐混合物则刺激伴刀豆球蛋白A和植物血凝素-P驱动的增殖。由于乙酰乙酸盐是锂盐，氯化锂用作阴性对照。结果表明，含有乙酰乙酸锂的培养物增殖增强是由于锂，而不是乙酰乙酸盐。丁酸盐（浓度高于牛血浆中的浓度）和正常水平的乙酸盐会抑制增殖。在含有较低葡萄糖水平的培养物中，伴刀豆球蛋白A和商陆有丝分裂原驱动的增殖更大，但添加到含有低葡萄糖的培养物中的乙酸盐会抑制伴刀豆球蛋白A刺激的增殖。在测试的较低葡萄糖浓度下，含有乙酸盐、β-羟基丁酸盐和乙酰乙酸盐的商陆有丝分裂原刺激的培养物的增殖受到抑制。总之，体内存在的浓度的酮、丁酸盐和葡萄糖对体外牛淋巴细胞增殖的影响最小。与酮血症相关的乙酸盐水平会抑制淋巴细胞功能，并可能改变体内的免疫反应性。
