Su Xiong, Abumrad Nada A
Department of Medicine, Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2009 Mar;20(2):72-7. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2008.11.001. Epub 2009 Jan 29.
Membrane uptake of long-chain fatty acids (FAs) is the first step in cellular FA utilization and a point of metabolic regulation. CD36 facilitates a major fraction of FA uptake by key tissues. This review highlights the contribution of CD36 to pathophysiology in rodents and humans. Novel concepts regarding regulation of CD36-facilitated uptake are discussed (i.e. the role of membrane rafts and caveolae, CD36 recycling between intracellular depots and the membrane, and chemical modifications of the protein that impact its turnover and recruitment). Importantly, CD36 membrane levels and turnover are abnormal in diabetes, resulting in dysfunctional FA utilization. In addition, variants in the CD36 gene were shown recently to influence susceptibility for the metabolic syndrome, which greatly increases the risk of diabetes and heart disease.
长链脂肪酸（FAs）的膜摄取是细胞利用脂肪酸的第一步，也是代谢调节的一个关键点。CD36促进关键组织摄取大部分脂肪酸。本综述重点介绍了CD36在啮齿动物和人类病理生理学中的作用。讨论了有关CD36介导摄取调节的新概念（即膜筏和小窝的作用、CD36在细胞内储存库和膜之间的循环以及影响其周转和募集的蛋白质化学修饰）。重要的是，糖尿病患者的CD36膜水平和周转异常，导致脂肪酸利用功能障碍。此外，最近发现CD36基因变异会影响代谢综合征的易感性，这大大增加了患糖尿病和心脏病的风险。
