Danon-Hersch Nadia, Marques-Vidal Pedro, Bovet Pascal, Chiolero Arnaud, Paccaud Fred, Pécoud Alain, Hayoz Daniel, Mooser Vincent, Waeber Gérard, Vollenweider Peter
Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Vascular Medicine eDepartment of Medicine, University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2009 Feb;16(1):66-72. doi: 10.1097/HJR.0b013e32831e9511.
This study is aimed to assess the prevalence of awareness, treatment and control of high blood pressure (HBP) and associated factors in a Swiss city.
Population-based cross-sectional study of 6182 participants (52.5% women) aged 35-75 years living in Lausanne, Switzerland.
HBP was defined as blood pressure >/=140/90 mmHg or current antihypertensive medication.
The overall prevalence of HBP was 36% (95% confidence interval: 35-38%). Among participants with HBP, 63% were aware of it. Among participants aware of HBP, 78% were treated, and among those treated, 48% were controlled (BP <140/90 mmHg). In multivariate analysis, HBP prevalence was associated with older age, male sex, low educational level, high alcohol intake, awareness of diabetes or dyslipidaemia, obesity and parental history of myocardial infarction. HBP awareness was associated with older age, female sex, awareness of diabetes or dyslipidaemia, obesity and parental history of myocardial infarction. HBP control was associated with younger age, higher educational level and no alcohol intake. Alone or in combination, sartans were the most often prescribed antihypertensive medication category (41%), followed by diuretics, beta-blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and calcium channel blockers. Only 31% of participants treated for HBP were taking >/=2 antihypertensive medications.
Although more than half of all participants with HBP were aware and more than three-quarters of them received a pharmacological treatment, less than half of those treated were adequately controlled.
本研究旨在评估瑞士某城市高血压（HBP）的知晓率、治疗率和控制率及其相关因素。
对居住在瑞士洛桑的6182名年龄在35 - 75岁的参与者（52.5%为女性）进行基于人群的横断面研究。
高血压定义为血压≥140/90 mmHg或正在服用抗高血压药物。
高血压的总体患病率为36%（95%置信区间：35 - 38%）。在高血压患者中，63%知晓自己患有高血压。在知晓患有高血压的患者中，78%接受了治疗，而在接受治疗的患者中，48%得到了控制（血压<140/90 mmHg）。多因素分析显示，高血压患病率与年龄较大、男性、低教育水平、高酒精摄入量、知晓糖尿病或血脂异常、肥胖以及心肌梗死家族史有关。高血压知晓率与年龄较大、女性、知晓糖尿病或血脂异常、肥胖以及心肌梗死家族史有关。高血压控制率与年龄较小、较高教育水平和不饮酒有关。单独或联合使用时，沙坦类药物是最常处方的抗高血压药物类别（41%），其次是利尿剂、β受体阻滞剂、血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂和钙通道阻滞剂。仅31%接受高血压治疗的参与者服用了≥2种抗高血压药物。
尽管所有高血压患者中有一半以上知晓病情，且超过四分之三的患者接受了药物治疗，但接受治疗的患者中不到一半得到了充分控制。
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