Dobrzyńska Ewelina, Rymaszewska Joanna, Kiejna Andrzej
Katedra i Klinika Psychiatrii AM we Wrocławiu.
Psychiatr Pol. 2008 Jul-Aug;42(4):515-24.
Failure of the deinstitutionalization process and a tendency of limitating health care costs on the basis of evidence based medicine initiated planning mental health services according to the clients' needs. Defining needs is difficult due to the complexity of the concept ofneeds, so numerous definitions of needs have been proposed. In the health care context a need is most often regarded as "the lack of health/wellbeing or the lack of access to care". Many clinical and population-based studies on needs were conducted in England and other well-developed countries. According to their results the most important are unmet needs, which correlate with unemployment, single status, low quality of life, low satisfaction with services and high social disability scores. Assessment of needs becomes a part of routine clinical practice and evaluation of mental health services. Results of such an assessment enables to fit the therapy and rehabilitation to the individual patient's needs which in consequence leads to a better therapeutic response and lower social disability. First Polish studies on needs of persons with different mental disorders indicate the social needs (company, intimate relationship and sexual expression) as the most often unmet from patient's point of view.
去机构化进程的失败以及基于循证医学限制医疗保健成本的趋势，促使人们根据客户需求规划精神卫生服务。由于需求概念的复杂性，定义需求很困难，因此提出了许多需求的定义。在医疗保健背景下，需求最常被视为“缺乏健康/幸福或缺乏获得护理的机会”。英国和其他发达国家进行了许多关于需求的临床和基于人群的研究。根据研究结果，最重要的是未满足的需求，这些需求与失业、单身状况、低生活质量、对服务的低满意度以及高社会残疾评分相关。需求评估成为常规临床实践和精神卫生服务评估的一部分。这种评估的结果能够使治疗和康复适应个体患者的需求，从而带来更好的治疗反应并降低社会残疾程度。波兰首批关于不同精神障碍患者需求的研究表明，从患者角度来看，社会需求（陪伴、亲密关系和性表达）最常未得到满足。
