Jansson Lennart, Sonnander Karin, Wiesel Frits-Axel
Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Ulleråker, Uppsala University Hospital, 750 17 Uppsala, Sweden.
Eur Psychiatry. 2003 Oct;18(6):296-305. doi: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2003.07.003.
The purpose of the study was to identify and describe conditions of life and needs of support and public service for clients with a mental disability in a Swedish county population.
Public health care and social service providers identified clients and completed a questionnaire concerning the clients' conditions of life and their special needs. A consecutively recruited sample of clients completed a similar questionnaire.
Totally, 1261 clients were identified. The prevalence of clients with mental disabilities was in the urban and rural areas, 6.4/1000 inhabitants and 4.5/1000 inhabitants, respectively. The most prevalent unmet need (42.9%) was to participate in social and scheduled activities. Almost half of the group was reported to need support in activities of daily living. Clients living in urban settings more often needed support with activities of daily living (P < 0.001), whereas clients living in rural settings more often needed support with job training (P < 0.001) or finding work (P < 0.01). Clients and psychiatric care providers reported the needs of the clients in the same areas; however, clients reported a fewer number of needs than did the care providers.
By using both psychiatric care and social service providers, effective case findings of clients with a mental disability were possible to achieve. In general, there was high agreement between psychiatric care providers and clients regarding the clients' number of needs of support and their unmet needs of service. However, at the individual level, the agreement between client and psychiatric care providers was lower.
本研究旨在识别并描述瑞典某郡有精神残疾的客户的生活状况以及他们对支持和公共服务的需求。
公共卫生保健和社会服务提供者识别出客户，并完成一份关于客户生活状况及其特殊需求的问卷。连续招募的客户样本完成了一份类似的问卷。
总共识别出1261名客户。城市和农村地区精神残疾客户的患病率分别为每1000名居民中有6.4人和4.5人。最普遍未得到满足的需求（42.9%）是参与社交和定期活动。据报告，几乎一半的群体在日常生活活动中需要支持。生活在城市环境中的客户在日常生活活动方面更常需要支持（P<0.001），而生活在农村环境中的客户在职业培训（P<0.001）或找工作方面更常需要支持（P<0.01）。客户和精神科护理提供者报告的客户需求领域相同；然而，客户报告的需求数量比护理提供者少。
通过利用精神科护理和社会服务提供者，有可能有效地发现有精神残疾的客户。总体而言，精神科护理提供者和客户在客户的支持需求数量及其未得到满足的服务需求方面高度一致。然而，在个体层面，客户与精神科护理提供者之间的一致性较低。
