Missouridou E
Alcohol Treatment Unit of Psychiatric Hospital of Attica, Attica, Greece.
J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2009 Feb;16(1):18-26. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2850.2008.01323.x.
This paper aims to explore the evolution of psychiatric nursing from the delayed organization of an asylum mental health system in Greece to the present. The care and custody of mental health patients which was in the hands of police at the first asylum passed to the hands of uneducated staff and gradually to the hands of qualified nurses. Severe overcrowding along with limited resources and low staff numbers resulted in the poor quality of living conditions. In this context, psychiatric nursing took its first steps in Greece, without realizing the inherent conflict in its dual role, that of care and social control. Counter to the handed-down cliché about psychiatric hospitals, nurses frequently put great effort into improving the living conditions of patients. However, the regulations of the institutions emphasizing the custodial role of nursing together with other structural factors of the psychiatric system impeded nurses' attempts to improve institutional care considerably. Nowadays, psychiatric hospitals are shrinking at a rapid pace, leaving behind them--as heritage for the psychiatric nurses who try to define their new role in community--the pioneers of psychiatric nursing's courage, ethos and respect for the psychiatric client.
本文旨在探讨希腊从早期庇护心理健康系统的滞后组织到如今精神病护理的演变。首批庇护所中由警察负责的心理健康患者的护理与监护工作，转交到了未受过教育的工作人员手中，随后逐渐交到了合格护士手中。严重的过度拥挤、资源有限以及工作人员数量不足导致了生活条件质量低下。在此背景下，精神病护理在希腊迈出了第一步，却未意识到其护理与社会控制双重角色中固有的冲突。与关于精神病院的传统陈词滥调相反，护士们经常付出巨大努力来改善患者的生活条件。然而，机构的规定强调护理的监护作用，再加上精神病系统的其他结构因素，极大地阻碍了护士改善机构护理的努力。如今，精神病医院正在迅速萎缩，给试图在社区中界定自身新角色的精神病护士留下了精神病护理先驱们的勇气、精神气质以及对精神病患者的尊重——作为一份遗产。
