Greenwald Mark K
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48207, USA.
J Appl Behav Anal. 2008 Winter;41(4):603-7. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2008.41-603.
A positive reinforcement contingency increased opioid abstinence during outpatient dose tapering (4, 2, then 0 mg/day during Weeks 1 through 3) in non-treatment-seeking heroin-dependent volunteers who had been maintained on buprenorphine (8 mg/day) during an inpatient research protocol. The control group (n=12) received $4.00 for completing assessments at each thrice-weekly visit during dose tapering; 10 of 12 lapsed to heroin use 1 day after discharge. The abstinence reinforcement group (n=10) received $30.00 for each consecutive opioid-free urine sample; this significantly delayed heroin lapse (median, 15 days).
在一项住院研究方案中，曾接受丁丙诺啡（8毫克/天）维持治疗的非寻求治疗的海洛因依赖志愿者，在门诊减量期间（第1至3周分别为4、2、然后0毫克/天），一种正性强化偶联增加了阿片类药物戒断率。对照组（n = 12）在剂量减量期间每次每三周一次的访视完成评估可获得4美元；12人中有10人在出院1天后复吸海洛因。戒断强化组（n = 10）每提供一份连续无阿片类药物的尿样可获得30美元；这显著延迟了海洛因复吸（中位数为15天）。
