Groeneveld Linn F, Weisrock David W, Rasoloarison Rodin M, Yoder Anne D, Kappeler Peter M
Sociobiology and Behavioral Ecology, German Primate Center, Göttingen, Germany.
BMC Evol Biol. 2009 Feb 4;9:30. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-9-30.
Species are viewed as the fundamental unit in most subdisciplines of biology. To conservationists this unit represents the currency for global biodiversity assessments. Even though Madagascar belongs to one of the top eight biodiversity hotspots of the world, the taxonomy of its charismatic lemuriform primates is not stable. Within the last 25 years, the number of described lemur species has more than doubled, with many newly described species identified among the nocturnal and small-bodied cheirogaleids. Here, we characterize the diversity of the dwarf lemurs (genus Cheirogaleus) and assess the status of the seven described species, based on phylogenetic and population genetic analysis of mtDNA (cytb + cox2) and three nuclear markers (adora3, fiba and vWF).
This study identified three distinct evolutionary lineages within the genus Cheirogaleus. Population genetic cluster analyses revealed a further layer of population divergence with six distinct genotypic clusters.
Based on the general metapopulation lineage concept and multiple concordant data sets, we identify three exclusive groups of dwarf lemur populations that correspond to three of the seven named species: C. major, C. medius and C. crossleyi. These three species were found to be genealogically exclusive in both mtDNA and nDNA loci and are morphologically distinguishable. The molecular and morphometric data indicate that C. adipicaudatus and C. ravus are synonymous with C. medius and C. major, respectively. Cheirogaleus sibreei falls into the C. medius mtDNA clade, but in morphological analyses the membership is not clearly resolved. We do not have sufficient data to assess the status of C. minusculus. Although additional patterns of population differentiation are evident, there are no clear subdivisions that would warrant additional specific status. We propose that ecological and more geographic data should be collected to confirm these results.
物种被视为大多数生物学子学科中的基本单位。对保护主义者而言，这个单位代表着全球生物多样性评估的货币。尽管马达加斯加属于世界八大生物多样性热点地区之一，但其具有魅力的狐猴型灵长类动物的分类并不稳定。在过去25年里，已描述的狐猴物种数量增加了一倍多，许多新描述的物种是在夜行性和体型较小的倭狐猴科中发现的。在此，我们基于线粒体DNA（细胞色素b + 细胞色素c氧化酶亚基2）和三个核标记（adora3、纤维蛋白原α链和血管性血友病因子）的系统发育和群体遗传分析，对倭狐猴属（Cheirogaleus）的多样性进行了特征描述，并评估了七个已描述物种的现状。
本研究在倭狐猴属中鉴定出三个不同的进化谱系。群体遗传聚类分析揭示了六个不同基因型聚类的更深层次的群体分化。
基于一般的集合种群谱系概念和多个一致的数据集，我们确定了倭狐猴种群的三个排他性群体，它们对应于七个命名物种中的三个：大倭狐猴（C. major）、中倭狐猴（C. medius）和克氏倭狐猴（C. crossleyi）。发现这三个物种在mtDNA和nDNA位点上在谱系上是排他的，并且在形态上是可区分的。分子和形态测量数据表明，肥尾倭狐猴（C. adipicaudatus）和拉氏倭狐猴（C. ravus）分别与中倭狐猴和大倭狐猴同义。西比倭狐猴（Cheirogaleus sibreei）属于中倭狐猴的mtDNA分支，但在形态分析中其归属尚未明确确定。我们没有足够的数据来评估小倭狐猴（C. minusculus）的现状。尽管明显存在其他群体分化模式，但没有明确的细分足以支持额外的物种地位。我们建议应收集更多的生态和地理数据来证实这些结果。
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