Calev A, Nigal D, Shapira B, Tubi N, Chazan S, Ben-Yehuda Y, Kugelmass S, Lerer B
Department of Research, Herzog Memorial Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1991 Sep;179(9):526-33. doi: 10.1097/00005053-199109000-00002.
Twenty-seven medication-free, depressed patients (Research Diagnostic Criteria, endogenous subtype) were administered a comprehensive battery testing memory and other cognitive functions before and after a series of bilateral, brief-pulse electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) administered according to a dosage-titration procedure (8.9 +/- 1.981 treatments). A subset of patients (N = 14) were reexamined at 1 month and 6 months after the conclusion of the treatment. Anterograde (verbal and visuospatial tasks), as well as retrograde (famous and personal events), memory function was significantly impaired at the end of the ECT series. By 1 month follow-up, performance had improved to pre-ECT (depression) levels on both anterograde and retrograde tasks and exceeded these by 6 months. The memory deficits induced by ECT were not a consequence of generalized cognitive impairment. Furthermore, depression and ECT were shown to independently affect memory, and recovery from depression was not a consequence of the amnestic action of the treatment. The results generally confirm previous reports regarding the nature of ECT-induced memory impairment, in a different language and culture. They suggest that long-term effects of the treatment on memory are even less prominent than previously observed.
27名未服用药物的抑郁症患者（研究诊断标准，内源性亚型），在按照剂量滴定程序进行一系列双侧、短脉冲电休克治疗（ECT）（8.9±1.981次治疗）前后，接受了全面的记忆及其他认知功能测试。一部分患者（N = 14）在治疗结束后1个月和6个月时接受复查。在ECT疗程结束时，顺行性（言语和视觉空间任务）以及逆行性（著名事件和个人事件）记忆功能均显著受损。到1个月随访时，顺行性和逆行性任务的表现均已改善至ECT前（抑郁）水平，并在6个月时超过了这些水平。ECT引起的记忆缺陷并非全身性认知障碍的结果。此外，抑郁症和ECT被证明独立影响记忆，抑郁症的恢复并非治疗失忆作用的结果。这些结果总体上证实了之前关于ECT引起的记忆损害性质的报告，只是语言和文化背景不同。结果表明，该治疗对记忆的长期影响甚至比之前观察到的还要不明显。
