Pavot W, Diener E, Colvin C R, Sandvik E
University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.
J Pers Assess. 1991 Aug;57(1):149-61. doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa5701_17.
The structure of subjective well-being has been conceptualized as consisting of two major components: the emotional or affective component and the judgmental or cognitive component (Diener, 1984; Veenhoven, 1984). The judgmental component has also been conceptualized as life satisfaction (Andrews & Withey, 1976). Although the affective component of subjective well-being has received considerable attention from researchers, the judgmental component has been relatively neglected. The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS; Diener, Emmons, Larsen, & Griffin, 1985) was developed as a measure of the judgmental component of subjective well-being (SWB). Two studied designed to validate further the SWLS are reported. Peer reports, a memory measure, and clinical ratings are used as external criteria for validation. Evidence for the reliability and predictive validity of the SWLS is presented, and its performance is compared to other related scales. The SWLS is shown to be a valid and reliable measure of life satisfaction, suited for use with a wide range of age groups and applications, which makes possible the savings of interview time and resources compared to many measures of life satisfaction. In addition, the high convergence of self- and peer-reported measures of subjective well-being and life satisfaction provide strong evidence that subjective well-being is a relatively global and stable phenomenon, not simply a momentary judgment based on fleeting influences.
情感或情绪成分以及判断或认知成分（迪纳，1984；韦恩霍芬，1984）。判断成分也被概念化为生活满意度（安德鲁斯和威西，1976）。尽管主观幸福感的情感成分受到了研究人员的相当关注，但判断成分却相对被忽视了。生活满意度量表（SWLS；迪纳、埃蒙斯、拉森和格里芬，1985）被开发出来作为测量主观幸福感（SWB）判断成分的工具。本文报告了两项旨在进一步验证SWLS的研究。同伴报告、一项记忆测量和临床评分被用作验证的外部标准。文中呈现了SWLS可靠性和预测效度的证据，并将其表现与其他相关量表进行了比较。SWLS被证明是一种有效且可靠的生活满意度测量工具，适用于广泛的年龄组和应用场景，与许多生活满意度测量方法相比，这使得节省访谈时间和资源成为可能。此外，自我报告和同伴报告的主观幸福感与生活满意度测量结果的高度一致性提供了有力证据，表明主观幸福感是一种相对全面且稳定的现象，而不仅仅是基于短暂影响的瞬间判断。
