Romanò Luisa, Paladini Sara, Tagliacarne Catia, Zappa Alessandra, Zanetti Alessandro Remo
Department of Public Health - Microbiology - Virology, University of Milan, Via C. Pascal 36, 20133 Milano, Italy.
Vaccine. 2009 May 26;27(25-26):3439-42. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.01.056. Epub 2009 Feb 5.
The morbidity and mortality rates of viral hepatitis A, B and Delta have dramatically dropped in Italy during the last decades. Thanks to the general improvements in hygiene and sanitation, hepatitis A has shifted from a high to an intermediate/low endemicity status. Vaccination against hepatitis A is recommended to people at increased risk, including travellers to endemic areas, military personnel and individuals at occupational risk. The implementation of universal anti-hepatitis B vaccination of infants and adolescents has resulted in a dramatic decline in disease burden and in the carrier rate. An additional benefit of hepatitis B vaccination is that hepatitis Delta has also substantially declined.
在过去几十年中，意大利甲型、乙型和丁型病毒性肝炎的发病率和死亡率大幅下降。由于卫生和环境卫生的总体改善，甲型肝炎已从高流行状态转变为中/低流行状态。建议对高危人群接种甲型肝炎疫苗，包括前往流行地区的旅行者、军事人员和职业风险人群。对婴儿和青少年实施普遍的乙型肝炎疫苗接种，导致疾病负担和携带者率大幅下降。乙型肝炎疫苗接种的另一个好处是丁型肝炎也大幅下降。
