Stucky Cheryl L, Dubin Adrienne E, Jeske Nathaniel A, Malin Sacha A, McKemy David D, Story Gina M
Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
Brain Res Rev. 2009 Apr;60(1):2-23. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2008.12.018. Epub 2008 Dec 31.
Pain perception begins with the activation of primary sensory nociceptors. Over the past decade, flourishing research has revealed that members of the Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) ion channel family are fundamental molecules that detect noxious stimuli and transduce a diverse range of physical and chemical energy into action potentials in somatosensory nociceptors. Here we highlight the roles of TRP vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), TRP melastatin 8 (TRPM8) and TRP ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) in the activation of nociceptors by heat and cold environmental stimuli, mechanical force, and by chemicals including exogenous plant and environmental compounds as well as endogenous inflammatory molecules. The contribution of these channels to pain and somatosensation is discussed at levels ranging from whole animal behavior to molecular modulation by intracellular signaling proteins. An emerging theme is that TRP channels are not simple ion channel transducers of one or two stimuli, but instead serve multidimensional roles in signaling sensory stimuli that are exceptionally diverse in modality and in their environmental milieu.
疼痛感知始于初级感觉伤害性感受器的激活。在过去十年中，蓬勃发展的研究表明，瞬时受体电位（TRP）离子通道家族成员是检测有害刺激并将多种物理和化学能量转化为躯体感觉伤害性感受器动作电位的基本分子。在这里，我们重点介绍TRP香草酸受体1（TRPV1）、TRP褪黑素受体8（TRPM8）和TRP锚蛋白1（TRPA1）在热、冷环境刺激、机械力以及包括外源性植物和环境化合物以及内源性炎症分子在内的化学物质激活伤害性感受器中的作用。这些通道对疼痛和躯体感觉的贡献在从全动物行为到细胞内信号蛋白分子调节的层面上进行了讨论。一个新出现的主题是，TRP通道不是一两种刺激的简单离子通道转导器，而是在信号传导感觉刺激中发挥多维作用，这些感觉刺激在模式和环境背景方面异常多样。
