Colado Juan C, Tella Victor, Triplett N Travis, González Luis M
Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
J Strength Cond Res. 2009 Mar;23(2):549-59. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31818eff5d.
This study was designed to analyze the effects of a short-term periodized aquatic resistance program (PARP) on upper-limb maximum strength, leg muscular power, and body composition (BC) in fit young men. Twenty subjects (21.2 +/- 1.17 years) were randomly assigned to an exercise or control group; 12 subjects completed the study. The aquatic exercise group (AEG; n = 7) participated in an 8-week supervised program of 3 d x wk, and the control group (CG; n = 5) maintained their regular activities. The PARP consisted of a total-body resistance exercise workout using aquatic devices that increased drag force, with a cadence of movement controlled and adjusted individually for each exercise and subject. The volume and intensity of the program were increased progressively. Submaximal tests were carried out to determine the change in upper-limb maximum strength, as well as a squat-jump test to determine the change in leg muscular power. Four skinfold sites, 6 circumference sites, body weight, and stature were used to determine changes in BC. A significant increase in upper-limb maximum strength and leg muscular power was observed for the AEG. A significant increase also was noted in the circumference and muscular area of the arm, and there were significant decreases in pectoral and abdominal skinfolds. Nevertheless, the circumference, muscular area, and local fat of the lower limbs did not change. There were no significant changes in any variables in the CG. These results indicate that the PARP produces significant improvements in muscular strength, power, and fat-free mass and, thus, seems to be a very effective form of resistance exercise.
本研究旨在分析短期周期性水上阻力训练计划（PARP）对健康年轻男性上肢最大力量、腿部肌肉力量和身体成分（BC）的影响。20名受试者（21.2±1.17岁）被随机分为运动组或对照组；12名受试者完成了研究。水上运动组（AEG；n = 7）参加了一项为期8周、每周3天的有监督训练计划，对照组（CG；n = 5）维持其日常活动。PARP包括使用增加阻力的水上设备进行全身阻力训练，每个练习和受试者的运动节奏均进行单独控制和调整。该计划的训练量和强度逐渐增加。进行次最大测试以确定上肢最大力量的变化，以及深蹲跳测试以确定腿部肌肉力量的变化。使用四个皮褶厚度测量部位、六个围度测量部位、体重和身高来确定身体成分的变化。AEG组的上肢最大力量和腿部肌肉力量显著增加。手臂的围度和肌肉面积也显著增加，胸腹部皮褶厚度显著减小。然而，下肢的围度、肌肉面积和局部脂肪没有变化。CG组的任何变量均无显著变化。这些结果表明，PARP能显著改善肌肉力量、功率和去脂体重，因此似乎是一种非常有效的阻力训练形式。
