National Institute of Physical Education of Catalonia (INEFC), Lérida, Spain.
Complex Systems in the Sport Research Group, Barcelona, Spain.
J Hum Kinet. 2014 Dec 30;44:237-48. doi: 10.2478/hukin-2014-0129. eCollection 2014 Dec 9.
The biological effects of immersion in water, which are related to the fundamental principles of hydrodynamics, may be beneficial in certain training contexts. The effects and physical properties of water, such as density, hydrostatic pressure and buoyancy are highly useful resources for training, when used as a counterbalance to gravity, resistance, a compressor and a thermal conductor. Not only does the aquatic medium enable a wider range of activities to be used in a context of low joint impact, but it also constitutes a useful tool in relation to sports rehabilitation, since it allows the athlete to return to training earlier or to continue with high-intensity exercise while ensuring both low joint impact and greater comfort for the individual concerned. Moreover, this medium enables the stimulation of metabolic and neuromuscular systems, followed by their corresponding physiological adaptations allowing both to maintain and improve athletic performance. Hydrotherapy can also play a beneficial role in an athlete's recovery, helping to prevent as well as treat muscle damage and soreness following exercise.
水浸的生物学效应与流体动力学的基本原理有关，在某些训练环境中可能有益。水的效应和物理特性，如密度、静水压力和浮力，在作为对抗重力、阻力、压缩机和热导体时，是非常有用的训练资源。水不仅使更广泛的活动能够在低关节冲击的情况下使用，而且还是运动康复的有用工具，因为它允许运动员更早地返回训练或继续进行高强度运动，同时确保低关节冲击和更大的舒适度。此外，这种介质可以刺激代谢和神经肌肉系统，随后进行相应的生理适应，从而既能维持又能提高运动表现。水疗也可以在运动员的恢复中发挥有益的作用，有助于预防和治疗运动后的肌肉损伤和酸痛。
