University of Chicago, 447 W. St. James Pl., Chicago, IL 60614, USA.
AIDS Behav. 2011 Jan;15(1):142-52. doi: 10.1007/s10461-009-9526-1. Epub 2009 Feb 10.
HIV is a health problem in Rwanda, where the adult HIV prevalence is 3.1% (WHO 2008 in Online database of HIV/AIDS epidemiological data, found at: http://www.who.int/globalatlas ); the majority of those infected are women (UNAIDS 2008 in http://data.unaids.org/pub/Report/2008/rwanda_2008_country_progress_report_en.pdf ). Prior studies indicate that intimate partner violence is frequently associated with increased HIV risk in women, often because men who abuse their wives also exhibit riskier sexual behaviors (Silverman et al. in JAMA 300:703-710 2008. Population-based data from the 2005 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey indicate that women with few, if any, other sexual risk factors who have experienced sexual, physical, or emotional abuse within their marriages are 1.61-3.46 times as likely to test positive for HIV, and 2.14-4.11 times more likely to report another STI. These findings confirm prior clinical studies that indicate that intimate partner violence is a correlate of HIV/STIs in Rwanda. Further research is needed to determine whether Rwandan men that abuse their wives have higher baseline rates of HIV/STI infection.
在卢旺达，艾滋病毒是一个健康问题，成人艾滋病毒流行率为 3.1%（世界卫生组织 2008 年在 HIV/AIDS 流行病学数据在线数据库中，网址为：http://www.who.int/globalatlas）；大多数感染者为妇女（艾滋病规划署 2008 年在 http://data.unaids.org/pub/Report/2008/rwanda_2008_country_progress_report_en.pdf）。先前的研究表明，亲密伴侣暴力经常与妇女艾滋病毒风险增加有关，这往往是因为虐待妻子的男子也表现出更危险的性行为（Silverman 等人在《美国医学会杂志》300:703-710 2008 年）。来自 2005 年卢旺达人口与健康调查的基于人群的数据表明，在婚姻中经历过性、身体或情感虐待的妇女，如果没有其他性风险因素，艾滋病毒检测呈阳性的可能性是没有遭受过虐待的妇女的 1.61-3.46 倍，报告另一种性传播感染的可能性是没有遭受过虐待的妇女的 2.14-4.11 倍。这些发现证实了先前的临床研究，表明亲密伴侣暴力是卢旺达艾滋病毒/性传播感染的一个相关因素。需要进一步研究，以确定卢旺达虐待妻子的男子是否具有更高的艾滋病毒/性传播感染基线率。
