Hoque M A, Hosono M, Suzuki K
Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Tsutsumidori-Amamiyamachi, Aoba, Sendai, Japan.
J Anim Breed Genet. 2009 Feb;126(1):14-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0388.2008.00752.x.
Genetic parameters for feed intake and performance traits of 514 bulls and carcass traits of 22 099 of their progeny, and the relationships of measures of feed intake with performance and carcass traits were estimated. Feed intake traits were dry matter intake (DMI), concentrate intake (CONI), roughage intake, ratio of roughage intake to DMI, metabolizable energy intake (MEI) and digestible crude protein intake (DCPI). Performance traits included daily gain, metabolic weight, live weight at the end of test, dry matter conversion ratio and residual feed intake. Progeny carcass traits were carcass weight, percentage of meat yield, rib eye area (REA), subcutaneous fat, marbling score, meat colour (MCS), fat colour (FCS) and meat quality grade. All the feed intake and performance traits were moderately heritable. The heritabilities for REA and MCS were moderate, and that for FCS was low, while those for the other carcass traits were high. Selection against DMI, CONI and DCPI would reduce excessive intake of feed, but would have undesirable effects on growth and most of the carcass traits. Selection against MEI would lead to improvements in feed efficiency and growth traits. Selection against DCPI would also improve feed efficiency; however, responses in growth traits would decrease. Results indicate that selection against MEI might be better than any other measures of feed intake to improve feed efficiency with simultaneous improvement in growth and most of the carcass traits.
对514头公牛的采食量和生产性能性状以及它们22099头后代的胴体性状的遗传参数，以及采食量指标与生产性能和胴体性状之间的关系进行了估计。采食量性状包括干物质采食量（DMI）、精料采食量（CONI）、粗饲料采食量、粗饲料采食量与DMI的比值、代谢能采食量（MEI）和可消化粗蛋白采食量（DCPI）。生产性能性状包括日增重、代谢体重、试验结束时的活重、干物质转化率和剩余采食量。后代胴体性状包括胴体重、产肉率、眼肌面积（REA）、皮下脂肪、大理石花纹评分、肉色（MCS）、脂肪色（FCS）和肉质等级。所有采食量和生产性能性状的遗传力均为中等。REA和MCS的遗传力为中等，FCS的遗传力较低，而其他胴体性状的遗传力较高。针对DMI、CONI和DCPI进行选择会减少饲料的过量摄入，但会对生长和大多数胴体性状产生不良影响。针对MEI进行选择会提高饲料效率和生长性状。针对DCPI进行选择也会提高饲料效率；然而，生长性状的反应会降低。结果表明，针对MEI进行选择可能比其他任何采食量指标更好，既能提高饲料效率，又能同时改善生长和大多数胴体性状。
