Shojo M, Okanishi T, Anada K, Oyama K, Mukai F
Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
J Anim Sci. 2006 Oct;84(10):2617-22. doi: 10.2527/jas.2005-720.
Heritabilities of and genetic correlations between additive direct and maternal genetic effects for calf market weight, and additive direct genetic effects for carcass traits, were estimated for Japanese Black cattle by REML procedures under 2-trait animal models. Data were collected from calf and carcass markets in Hyogo and Tottori prefectures and analyzed separately by prefecture. Calf market weight was measured on 42,745 and 23,566 calves in Hyogo and Tottori, respectively. Only the fattening animals with calf market weight were extracted from the carcass database and used for estimation. The carcass traits analyzed were carcass weight, ribeye area, rib thickness, subcutaneous fat thickness, yield estimate, beef marbling score, and 4 meat characters (color, brightness, firmness, and texture). Direct and maternal heritabilities for calf market weight were estimated to be 0.22 and 0.07 in Hyogo, and 0.37 and 0.15 in Tottori, respectively. The estimates of heritabilities for carcass traits were moderate to high in both prefectures. The estimates of direct-maternal genetic correlations for calf market weight were positive (0.17) in Hyogo and negative (-0.63) in Tottori. The direct effect for calf market weight was positively correlated with the direct effect for carcass weight (0.87 and 0.56 in Hyogo and Tottori, respectively) but negatively correlated with the direct effect for beef marbling score (-0.10 in both prefectures). The estimates of genetic correlations between the maternal effect for calf market weight and the direct effects for carcass traits varied from -0.13 to 0.34 in Hyogo and from -0.14 to 0.15 in Tottori. Because direct and maternal genetic effects for early growth traits can be evaluated from calf market weight data in the production system of Japanese Black cattle, this information should be incorporated into selection and mating schemes of the breed.
在二性状动物模型下，采用REML程序估计了日本黑牛犊牛市场体重的加性直接遗传效应和母体遗传效应的遗传力，以及胴体性状的加性直接遗传效应。数据收集自兵库县和鸟取县的犊牛和胴体市场，并按县分别进行分析。兵库县和鸟取县分别对42745头和23566头犊牛进行了犊牛市场体重测量。仅从胴体数据库中提取有犊牛市场体重的育肥牛用于估计。分析的胴体性状包括胴体重、眼肌面积、肋骨厚度、皮下脂肪厚度、产量估计、牛肉大理石花纹评分和4种肉质性状（颜色、亮度、硬度和质地）。犊牛市场体重的直接遗传力和母体遗传力在兵库县分别估计为0.22和0.07，在鸟取县分别为0.37和0.15。两个县胴体性状的遗传力估计值均为中等至高。犊牛市场体重的直接-母体遗传相关估计值在兵库县为正（0.17），在鸟取县为负（-0.63）。犊牛市场体重的直接效应与胴体重的直接效应呈正相关（在兵库县和鸟取县分别为0.87和0.56），但与牛肉大理石花纹评分的直接效应呈负相关（在两个县均为-0.10）。犊牛市场体重的母体效应与胴体性状的直接效应之间的遗传相关估计值在兵库县从-0.13到0.34不等，在鸟取县从-0.14到0.15不等。由于在日本黑牛的生产系统中，可以从犊牛市场体重数据评估早期生长性状的直接和母体遗传效应，因此该信息应纳入该品种的选择和交配方案中。
