Hallman Mats, Mordenfeld Arne, Strandkvist Tomas
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Dent Traumatol. 2009 Feb;25(1):2-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2008.00690.x.
Dento-alveolar trauma often leads to a need for reconstruction of the alveolar crest before an implant can be placed. Although autogenous bone grafts is considered the 'gold standard', this may be associated with patient morbidity and graft resorption. Consequently, the use of bone substitutes has increased. Today, a substantial number of biomaterials are available on the market, but only a few are well documented. The user should be aware that these biomaterials have different properties: resorbable or non-resorbable, time of resorption and resorption mechanism. The purpose of this review is to describe the function of various bone substitutes and indications for their use in reconstructive implant surgery and to give an overview of the current situation.
牙槽骨创伤常常导致在植入种植体之前需要重建牙槽嵴。尽管自体骨移植被认为是“金标准”，但这可能与患者的发病率和移植骨吸收有关。因此，骨替代物的使用有所增加。如今，市场上有大量的生物材料可供选择，但只有少数有充分的文献记载。使用者应该意识到这些生物材料具有不同的特性：可吸收或不可吸收、吸收时间和吸收机制。本综述的目的是描述各种骨替代物的功能及其在种植重建手术中的应用指征，并概述当前的现状。
