Fozia Andaleeb, Muhammad Anjum Zia, Muhammad Ashraf, Zafar Mahmood Khalid
National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad 577, Pakistan.
J Environ Sci (China). 2008;20(12):1475-80. doi: 10.1016/s1001-0742(08)62552-8.
Heavy metal soil pollution takes place when the metal concentration of soil exceeds natural background level and causes ecological destruction and deterioration of the environment. In the present study, a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of chromium-contaminated soil in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) growth attributes. Three different levels of chromium (Cr) i.e., 20, 40, and 60 mg/kg were applied to three varieties of sunflower (G-3, G-9, and G-59). The results of morphological, chemical, and yield parameters were recorded at crop maturity. The result showed that germination, root, and shoot lengths were decreased with increase in Cr concentrations. A gradual decrease was observed for various morphological parameters like root fresh and dry weights, shoot fresh and dry weights, and plant height with increase in Cr levels. A comparison among Cr treatments obtained a significant decrease in yield parameters as achenes/capitulum, achenes/plant, and 100 achenes weight in three varieties. Cr was significantly absorbed by roots but its transport to other parts of plants was slow, and uptake in seeds was much lower than in roots and shoots.
当土壤中的金属浓度超过自然背景水平并导致生态破坏和环境恶化时，就会发生重金属土壤污染。在本研究中，进行了一项盆栽试验，以评估铬污染土壤对向日葵（Helianthus annuus L.）生长特性的影响。将三种不同水平的铬（Cr），即20、40和60 mg/kg，施用于三个向日葵品种（G-3、G-9和G-59）。在作物成熟时记录形态、化学和产量参数的结果。结果表明，随着Cr浓度的增加，发芽率、根长和茎长均下降。随着Cr水平的增加，观察到各种形态参数逐渐下降，如根鲜重和干重、茎鲜重和干重以及株高。在Cr处理之间的比较中，三个品种的产量参数如瘦果/头状花序、瘦果/植株和100粒瘦果重量均显著下降。Cr被根显著吸收，但其向植物其他部位的运输缓慢，种子中的吸收量远低于根和茎。
