Khalefa Hanan S, Attia Marwa M, Abdelsalam Mohamed, Mahmoud Mahmoud A, Zaki Ewiss M A
Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211 Egypt.
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211 Egypt.
J Parasit Dis. 2022 Sep;46(3):653-663. doi: 10.1007/s12639-022-01479-1. Epub 2022 Mar 27.
In this study, six heavy metals (Pb, Fe, Cu, Ni, Cd, and Mn) have been measured in water, and muscles from mullet (), tilapia (), and African catfish () collected from Lake Manzal, Egypt. In addition, the existence of different encysted metacercariae in fish muscle with an evaluation of cell-mediated immune response in infected muscles was also investigated. Water samples generally contained less than the permissible level of heavy metals. The metal accumulation levels in muscle were: Pb > Ni > Cd > Cu > Fe > Mn. The levels of Pb and Ni in the muscles exceed the permissible limits, while the concentration of Mn varied significantly ( < 0.05) depending on fish species Based on the estimated weekly intake in this study, the EWI values of these heavy metals are below the established Provisional Permissible Tolerable Weekly Intake. On the other hand, encysted metacercaria were found in the muscle of and with the intensity of 1-10 cyst per 1 cm of muscle. While was found to be infected with EMC. TNF- α1 was 10 folds upregulated in than in control fish. IL-1β expression in was upregulated by 15 folds compared with the control one. By examining , the MHC II gene expression was increased by 15-fold in comparison to the control group.
在本研究中，对从埃及曼扎尔湖采集的水样以及鲻鱼、罗非鱼和非洲鲶鱼的肌肉中的六种重金属（铅、铁、铜、镍、镉和锰）进行了测量。此外，还研究了鱼肌肉中不同囊蚴的存在情况，并评估了受感染肌肉中的细胞介导免疫反应。水样中的重金属含量一般低于允许水平。肌肉中的金属积累水平为：铅＞镍＞镉＞铜＞铁＞锰。肌肉中的铅和镍含量超过了允许限度，而锰的浓度因鱼类种类而异（P＜0.05）。根据本研究中估计的每周摄入量，这些重金属的每周估计摄入量值低于既定的暂定每周允许摄入量。另一方面，在鲻鱼和罗非鱼的肌肉中发现了囊蚴，每1厘米肌肉中有1至10个囊蚴。而非洲鲶鱼被发现感染了埃及棘口吸虫。与对照鱼相比，鲻鱼中的肿瘤坏死因子-α1上调了10倍。与对照组相比，罗非鱼中的白细胞介素-1β表达上调了15倍。通过检测非洲鲶鱼，与对照组相比，主要组织相容性复合体II类基因表达增加了15倍。
