Al-Harbi Saad A, Sun Albert Y T
Retal Clinic, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Implant Dent. 2009 Feb;18(1):46-56. doi: 10.1097/ID.0b013e31818c6a50.
The aim of this study is to evaluate implant placement accuracy using the coordinate measure machine (CMM) and to assess how accurate implant angulations and point of entrance can be transferred when using a stereolithographic surgical template as a guide during implant placement.
Angulations, entrance points of 40 implants placed in 6 edentulous jaws using stereolithographic surgical template were evaluated. The angulations were noted in both mesio-distal and bucco-lingual planes. The central axis of each treatment-planned implant was determined using the CMM by locating 3 points along the hollow channel of the drill guide stainless steel sleeve of the stereolithographic surgical template and the central axis of the actual implant, evaluated postsurgically, were determined. Three points along the guide pins were noted after mounted to the implant fixture analogs on the working cast. The differences between the proposed and actual implant point of entrance and angulations were calculated and the data were analyzed using the paired t test.
The mean mesio-distal angle deviation of the actual implant from the planned position was 0.7 +/- 5.02 degrees, and the mean bucco-lingual angle deviation was 0.46 +/- 4.43 degrees. Thirty implants (88%) and 31 implants (91%) recorded a <7 degrees angle deviation for the mesio-distal and bucco-lingual plane angle, respectively. No statistical significant difference was found for the angle deviation. The mean difference of the entrance point was within 0.2 +/- 0.72 mm, 29 implants (85%) were within <1 mm from the intended position. Statistically significant difference was shown for the entrance point deviation.
When measured using the CMM, the stereolithographic surgical template was sufficiently accurate in transferring the planned implant position to the surgical field relative to the implant angulations and point of entrance. Further clinical studies using a greater number of patients are needed to confirm the results of this study.
本研究旨在使用坐标测量机（CMM）评估种植体植入的准确性，并评估在种植体植入过程中使用立体光刻手术模板作为引导时，种植体角度和入口点的转移精度如何。
评估使用立体光刻手术模板在6个无牙颌中植入的40颗种植体的角度和入口点。记录近远中平面和颊舌平面的角度。通过在立体光刻手术模板的钻引导不锈钢套筒的空心通道上沿3个点定位，使用CMM确定每个种植治疗计划的中心轴，并确定术后评估的实际种植体的中心轴。在将导向销安装到工作模型上的种植体固定器模拟物后，记录沿导向销的3个点。计算计划和实际种植体入口点及角度之间的差异，并使用配对t检验分析数据。
实际种植体与计划位置的平均近远中角度偏差为0.7±5.02度，平均颊舌角度偏差为0.46±4.43度。分别有30颗种植体（88%）和31颗种植体（91%）在近远中平面和颊舌平面角度的角度偏差<7度。角度偏差未发现统计学显著差异。入口点的平均差异在0.2±0.72mm以内，29颗种植体（85%）与预期位置的偏差<1mm。入口点偏差显示有统计学显著差异。
使用CMM测量时，立体光刻手术模板在将计划的种植体位置相对于种植体角度和入口点转移到手术区域方面足够准确。需要更多患者的进一步临床研究来证实本研究的结果。
