Taylor H Gerry, Espy Kimberly Andrews, Anderson Peter J
Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, University Hospitals of Cleveland, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106-6038, USA.
Dev Disabil Res Rev. 2009;15(1):52-9. doi: 10.1002/ddrr.51.
Children with very low birth weight (VLBW, <1500 g) or very preterm birth (VPTB, <32 weeks gestational age or GA) have more mathematics disabilities or deficiencies (MD) and higher rates of mathematics learning disabilities (MLD) than normal birth weight term-born children (NBW, >2500 g and >36 weeks GA). MD are found even in children without global disorders in cognition or neurosensory status and when IQ is controlled, and they are associated with other learning problems and weaknesses in perceptual motor abilities and executive function. Factors related to poorer mathematics outcomes include lower birth weight and GA, neonatal complications, and possible abnormalities in brain structure. While little is known about the nature of MD in these children, studies of MLD in other neurodevelopmental disorders and in children with learning disabilities provide useful models for further investigation. Further investigation of the neuropsychological and neuropathological correlates of distinct types of mathematics difficulties is also needed. Studies along these lines will yield information about the unique features of MD in children with VLBW/VPTB and about the nature and origins of poor mathematics achievement more generally.
极低出生体重（VLBW，<1500克）或极早产（VPTB，胎龄<32周）的儿童比正常出生体重的足月儿（NBW，>2500克且胎龄>36周）有更多的数学障碍或缺陷（MD）以及更高的数学学习障碍（MLD）发生率。即使在认知或神经感觉状态无全局性障碍且智商得到控制的儿童中也发现了MD，并且它们与其他学习问题以及感知运动能力和执行功能方面的弱点有关。与较差数学成绩相关的因素包括较低的出生体重和胎龄、新生儿并发症以及脑结构可能存在的异常。虽然对这些儿童MD的本质了解甚少，但对其他神经发育障碍和学习障碍儿童的MLD研究为进一步调查提供了有用的模型。还需要进一步研究不同类型数学困难的神经心理学和神经病理学相关性。沿着这些思路进行的研究将得出有关VLBW/VPTB儿童MD的独特特征以及更普遍的数学成绩差的本质和根源的信息。
