Appelbaum Paul S, Lidz Charles W, Klitzman Robert
College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, USA.
Hastings Cent Rep. 2009 Jan-Feb;39(1):30-9. doi: 10.1353/hcr.0.0103.
A good deal of policy and practice in human subjects research aims to ensure that when subjects consent to research, they do so voluntarily. To date, however, voluntariness and its impairment have been poorly conceptualized and studied. The legal doctrine of informed consent could provide a useful model.
大量关于人类受试者研究的政策和实践旨在确保当受试者同意参与研究时，他们是自愿这样做的。然而，迄今为止，自愿性及其损害的概念化和研究都很不足。知情同意的法律原则可以提供一个有用的模式。
