Chi Zhenming, Chi Zhe, Zhang Tong, Liu Guanglei, Li Jing, Wang Xianghong
Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Gene Resource Exploitation (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Yushan Road, No. 5, Qingdao, China.
Biotechnol Adv. 2009 May-Jun;27(3):236-55. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2009.01.002. Epub 2009 Jan 13.
In this review article, the extracellular enzymes production, their properties and cloning of the genes encoding the enzymes from marine yeasts are overviewed. Several yeast strains which could produce different kinds of extracellular enzymes were selected from the culture collection of marine yeasts available in this laboratory. The strains selected belong to different genera such as Yarrowia, Aureobasidium, Pichia, Metschnikowia and Cryptococcus. The extracellular enzymes include cellulase, alkaline protease, aspartic protease, amylase, inulinase, lipase and phytase, as well as killer toxin. The conditions and media for the enzyme production by the marine yeasts have been optimized and the enzymes have been purified and characterized. Some genes encoding the extracellular enzymes from the marine yeast strains have been cloned, sequenced and expressed. It was found that some properties of the enzymes from the marine yeasts are unique compared to those of the homologous enzymes from terrestrial yeasts and the genes encoding the enzymes in marine yeasts are different from those in terrestrial yeasts. Therefore, it is of very importance to further study the enzymes and their genes from the marine yeasts. This is the first review on the extracellular enzymes and their genes from the marine yeasts.
在这篇综述文章中，对海洋酵母胞外酶的产生、性质以及编码这些酶的基因克隆进行了概述。从本实验室保存的海洋酵母培养物中挑选出了几种能够产生不同种类胞外酶的酵母菌株。所选菌株属于不同的属，如解脂耶氏酵母属、 Aureobasidium属、毕赤酵母属、梅奇酵母属和隐球菌属。胞外酶包括纤维素酶、碱性蛋白酶、天冬氨酸蛋白酶、淀粉酶、菊粉酶、脂肪酶和植酸酶，以及杀伤毒素。对海洋酵母产酶的条件和培养基进行了优化，并对酶进行了纯化和特性鉴定。一些来自海洋酵母菌株的编码胞外酶的基因已被克隆、测序和表达。研究发现，与陆生酵母同源酶相比，海洋酵母酶的一些特性是独特的，并且海洋酵母中编码这些酶的基因与陆生酵母中的不同。因此，进一步研究海洋酵母的酶及其基因非常重要。这是关于海洋酵母胞外酶及其基因的第一篇综述。
