Wafae N, Vieira M C, Vorobieff A
Department of Morphology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil.
Laryngoscope. 1991 Oct;101(10):1091-3. doi: 10.1288/00005537-199110000-00011.
The point of penetration of the recurrent laryngeal nerve into the larynx is recognized as the most frequent site of injury to the nerve during surgical procedures of the thyroid gland. The anatomical relationships of 25 right and left recurrent laryngeal nerves in 25 anatomical blocks from formalin-fixed human corpses have been studied. In 34 cases (68%), the recurrent laryngeal nerve penetrated into the larynx below the lower fibers of the inferior constrictor muscle of the pharynx (type 1 of penetration). In the remaining 16 cases (32%), the nerve crossed through those muscle fibers to penetrate into the larynx (type 2 of penetration). The thyroid gland was found to involve the recurrent laryngeal nerve at the penetration point into the larynx in 19 of 50 cases (38%).
喉返神经进入喉部的穿入点被认为是甲状腺手术过程中该神经最常受伤的部位。对来自福尔马林固定的人体尸体的25个解剖标本中的25条左右喉返神经的解剖关系进行了研究。在34例（68%）中，喉返神经在咽下缩肌下部纤维下方进入喉部（穿入类型1）。在其余16例（32%）中，神经穿过这些肌纤维进入喉部（穿入类型2）。在50例中的19例（38%）中发现甲状腺在喉返神经进入喉部的穿入点处累及该神经。
