Andreeva-Kovalevskaya Zh I, Solonin A S, Sineva E V, Ternovsky V I
Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
Biochemistry (Mosc). 2008 Dec;73(13):1473-92. doi: 10.1134/s0006297908130087.
Pore-forming proteins are powerful "tools" for adaptation of living organisms to environmental conditions. A wide range of these proteins isolated from various sources, from viruses to mammals, has been used for the analysis of their role in the processes of intra- and inter-species competition, defense, attack, and signaling. Here we review a large number of pore-forming proteins from the perspective of their functions, structures, and mechanisms of membrane penetration. Various mechanisms of cell damage, executed by these proteins in the course of formation of a pore and after its passing to conducting state, have been considered: endo- and exocytosis, lysis, necrosis, apoptosis, etc. The role of pore-forming proteins in evolution is discussed. The relevance of practical application of pore formers has been shown, including application in nanotechnological constructions.
成孔蛋白是生物体适应环境条件的强大“工具”。从病毒到哺乳动物等各种来源分离出的多种此类蛋白质，已被用于分析它们在种内和种间竞争、防御、攻击及信号传导过程中的作用。在此，我们从成孔蛋白的功能、结构及膜穿透机制的角度对大量成孔蛋白进行综述。已探讨了这些蛋白质在形成孔道过程中及其转变为传导状态后所执行的各种细胞损伤机制：内吞和外排、裂解、坏死、凋亡等。还讨论了成孔蛋白在进化中的作用。已表明成孔剂实际应用的相关性，包括在纳米技术结构中的应用。
