Senju Atsushi, Johnson Mark H
Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, UK.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2009 Mar;13(3):127-34. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2008.11.009. Epub 2009 Feb 13.
The 'eye contact effect' is the phenomenon that perceived eye contact with another human face modulates certain aspects of the concurrent and/or immediately following cognitive processing. In addition, functional imaging studies in adults have revealed that eye contact can modulate activity in structures in the social brain network, and developmental studies show evidence for preferential orienting towards, and processing of, faces with direct gaze from early in life. We review different theories of the eye contact effect and advance a 'fast-track modulator' model. Specifically, we hypothesize that perceived eye contact is initially detected by a subcortical route, which then modulates the activation of the social brain as it processes the accompanying detailed sensory information.
“眼神接触效应”是指与他人面部的可感知眼神接触会调节同时发生的和/或紧随其后的认知加工的某些方面这一现象。此外，针对成年人的功能成像研究表明，眼神接触能够调节社会脑网络中各结构的活动，而发育研究也显示，从生命早期开始就存在对直接注视的面孔进行优先定向和加工的证据。我们回顾了眼神接触效应的不同理论，并提出了一个“快速通道调节器”模型。具体而言，我们假设可感知的眼神接触最初是通过一条皮层下通路被检测到的，这条通路随后会在社会脑处理伴随的详细感官信息时调节其激活。
