Nijhawan Romi, Wu Si
Department of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer, East Sussex BN1 9QH, UK.
Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2009 Mar 28;367(1891):1063-78. doi: 10.1098/rsta.2008.0270.
Neural delays are a general property of computations carried out by neural circuits. Delays are a natural consequence of temporal summation and coding used by the nervous system to integrate information from multiple resources. For adaptive behaviour, however, these delays must be compensated. In order to sense and interact with moving objects, for example, the visual system must predict the future position of the object to compensate for delays. In this paper, we address two critical questions concerning the implementation of the compensation mechanisms in the brain, namely, where does compensation occur and how is it realized. We present evidence showing that compensation can happen in both the motor and sensory systems, and that compensation using 'diagonal neural pathways' is a suitable strategy for implementing compensation in the visual system. In this strategy, neural signals in the early stage of information processing are sent to the future cortical positions that correspond to the distance the object will travel in the period of transmission delay. We propose a computational model to elucidate this using the retinal visual information pathway.
神经延迟是神经回路执行计算的一个普遍特性。延迟是神经系统用于整合来自多种来源信息的时间总和与编码的自然结果。然而，对于适应性行为而言，这些延迟必须得到补偿。例如，为了感知移动物体并与之交互，视觉系统必须预测物体的未来位置以补偿延迟。在本文中，我们探讨了关于大脑中补偿机制实现的两个关键问题，即补偿发生在哪里以及如何实现。我们提供的证据表明，补偿可发生在运动和感觉系统中，并且使用“对角神经通路”进行补偿是在视觉系统中实现补偿的一种合适策略。在这种策略中，信息处理早期阶段的神经信号被发送到未来的皮层位置，这些位置对应于物体在传输延迟期间将行进的距离。我们提出了一个计算模型，使用视网膜视觉信息通路来阐明这一点。
