Des Jarlais D C, Semaan S
Beth Israel Medical Center/CDI, 160 Water Street, New York, NY 10038, USA.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2009 Mar;63(3):191-6. doi: 10.1136/jech.2008.079301.
Much has been learned about how to prevent HIV infection among psychoactive drug users in the last 25 years, but, worldwide, the problems of drug-use-related HIV transmission have increased during this time. We consider the need for additional research on four aspects of drug use-related HIV transmission: (1) why evidence-based effective prevention programmes have not been implemented, (2) HIV infection among ethnic minority drug users, (3) relationships--or lack of relationships--between individual risk behaviour and HIV infection and (4) reducing drug use-related sexual transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). These topics were selected because we see them as critical for reducing HIV transmission among drug users (topics 1 and 4), reducing health disparities among racial and ethnic groups of drug users (topic 2), and understanding HIV epidemiology and evaluating prevention programmes for drug users (topic 3).
在过去25年里，我们对如何预防精神活性药物使用者感染艾滋病毒已有很多了解，但在此期间，全球范围内与药物使用相关的艾滋病毒传播问题却有所增加。我们认为有必要就与药物使用相关的艾滋病毒传播的四个方面开展更多研究：（1）循证有效预防方案未得到实施的原因；（2）少数族裔药物使用者中的艾滋病毒感染情况；（3）个体风险行为与艾滋病毒感染之间的关系（或缺乏关系）；（4）减少与药物使用相关的艾滋病毒和其他性传播感染（STIs）的性传播。选择这些主题是因为我们认为它们对于减少药物使用者中的艾滋病毒传播（主题1和4）、减少不同种族和族裔药物使用者群体之间的健康差距（主题2）以及了解艾滋病毒流行病学和评估针对药物使用者的预防方案（主题3）至关重要。
