[Effectiveness of the project "I don't smoke, and you?" against smoking in a secondary school in Italy].

"I don't smoke, and you?" is a project aimed at secondary school students and is part of a wider project called "Free from Smoke", implemented by the Lombardia Region and involving elementary and secondary school students. The project is a controlled non randomized study whose aim is to direct students toward a healthy and smoke-free way of living, by also involving parents and teachers. A total of 11,610 12 year-olds of both sexes were evaluated, 6392 of whom were enrolled in the program and 5218 of whom served as controls and only completed the questionnaire. Three years after the start of the program, a greater increase in the prevalence of smokers was found amongst the group of controls than amongst the enrolled group (108,3% vs +93.8%, p>0.001). The percentage of students who believe that smoking even a small number of cigarettes is harmful, increased in the enrolled group (+0.6%) while it diminished in controls (-2.1%). In addition, a strong association was found between receiving a weekly allowance and smoking habits. In conclusion, positive results were obtained as regards the prevalence of smokers and the perceived risk of smoking; however parents' attitude towards smoking and the availability of a weekly allowance were found to have a strong influence in students' smoking habits.