Bagni Ursula Viana, Baião Mirian Ribeiro, Santos Marta Maria Antonieta de Souza, Luiz Ronir Raggio, Veiga Gloria Valeria da
Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2009 Feb;25(2):291-302. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2009000200007.
This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, community-based trial. For 16 weeks, children in the intervention group (n = 180) received iron-fortified rice, while children in the control group (n = 174) received rice with placebo. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin < 11.0g/dL. Student's t-test was used to compare mean variation in hemoglobin between the groups. Hemoglobin concentration improved in both groups, with a mean increase of 0.42g/ dL in the intervention group (11.28+/-1.23g/dL to 11.75+/-1.16g/dL, p < 0.001), and 0.49g/dL in controls (11.06+/-1.13g/dL to 11.51+/-1.16g/dL, p < 0.001). Anemia decreased (p < 0.01) in both groups (37.8% to 23.3% in the intervention group and 45.4% to 33.3% in controls), with no significant difference between the two. Hemoglobin increase was significantly higher in children that received total iron = 53.76mg from fortified rice, compared to those who received less than this cut-off value (0.94g/dl vs. 0.39g/dl, p = 0.03). The findings suggest that this type of intervention can be useful in anemia control as long as fortified food intake is adequate.
这是一项双盲、安慰剂对照、基于社区的试验。在16周的时间里，干预组（n = 180）的儿童食用了铁强化大米，而对照组（n = 174）的儿童食用了含有安慰剂的大米。贫血定义为血红蛋白<11.0g/dL。采用学生t检验比较两组之间血红蛋白的平均变化。两组的血红蛋白浓度均有所改善，干预组平均增加0.42g/dL（从11.28±1.23g/dL增至11.75±1.16g/dL，p<0.001），对照组平均增加0.49g/dL（从11.06±1.13g/dL增至11.51±1.16g/dL，p<0.001）。两组的贫血率均下降（p<0.01）（干预组从37.8%降至23.3%，对照组从45.4%降至33.3%），两组之间无显著差异。与摄入低于该临界值铁的儿童相比，从强化大米中摄入总铁量为53.76mg的儿童血红蛋白增加显著更高（0.94g/dl对0.39g/dl，p = 0.03）。研究结果表明，只要强化食品摄入量充足，这种类型的干预措施对控制贫血可能是有用的。
