Gostincar Cene, Turk Martina, Plemenitas Ana, Gunde-Cimerman Nina
Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
FEMS Yeast Res. 2009 Mar;9(2):247-56. doi: 10.1111/j.1567-1364.2009.00481.x.
The black yeast-like fungus Hortaea werneckii is the predominant fungal species in salterns, and it is extremely halotolerant. The restructuring of the H. werneckii membrane lipid composition is one of its adaptations to high concentrations of salt, which is mainly achieved by increasing the unsaturation of its phospholipid fatty acids. Genes encoding three fatty acid-modifying enzymes, Delta(9)-, Delta(12)-desaturases and an elongase, have been identified in the genome of H. werneckii, each in two copies. Their transcription profiles show responsiveness to different salinity conditions, with the lowest expression at optimal salinity. Transcriptional responses to hyperosmotic and hypo-osmotic shock show substantial differences between cells exposed to osmotic shock and cells adapted to an osmotically stressful environment.
黑色酵母样真菌沃氏霍特霉是盐场中的主要真菌物种，且具有极强的耐盐性。沃氏霍特霉膜脂成分的重塑是其对高盐浓度的适应性之一，这主要通过增加其磷脂脂肪酸的不饱和度来实现。在沃氏霍特霉的基因组中已鉴定出编码三种脂肪酸修饰酶的基因，即Δ(9)-、Δ(12)-去饱和酶和一种延长酶，每种基因都有两个拷贝。它们的转录谱显示出对不同盐度条件的响应，在最适盐度下表达最低。对高渗和低渗冲击的转录反应表明，遭受渗透冲击的细胞与适应渗透应激环境的细胞之间存在显著差异。
