Sakar Suleyman, Yetilmezsoy Kaan, Kocak Emel
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, 34349, Yildiz, Besiktas, Istanbul, Turkey.
Waste Manag Res. 2009 Feb;27(1):3-18. doi: 10.1177/0734242X07079060.
A literature review has been undertaken to investigate the performance of the different anaerobic process configurations and operational conditions used in poultry and livestock waste treatment. The results of the extensive literature review showed that a wide range of different reactor volumes varying from 100 mL to 95 m3 were utilized in the investigation of anaerobic processing of poultry manure. Retention times studied were between 13.2 h and 91 days. Most of studies were carried out under mesophilic conditions maintained between 25 and 35 degrees C. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) removals and organic loading rate (OLR) ranged from 32 to 78%, and from 1.1 to 2.9 kg COD m(-3) day(-1), respectively. Biogas yields were achieved between 180 mL g(-1) COD added and 74 m3 day(-1) for a wide range of different reactor configurations. Up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) seems to be a suitable process for the treatment of poultry manure wastewater and the liquid fraction of hen manure, due to its ability to maintain a sufficient amount of active biomass. The literature review showed that various reactor configurations such as fixed-film reactor, attached-film bioreactor, anaerobic rotating biological reactor, batch reactors, downflow anaerobic filter, fixed dome plant, UASB, continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR), up-flow anaerobic filter (UAF), temperature-phased anaerobic digestion (TPAD), anaerobic hybrid reactor (AHR), and two-stage anaerobic systems are well suited to anaerobic processing of cattle manure. At both mesophilic and thermophilic conditions, high COD removals (87-95%) were achieved for treatment of cattle manure wastewaters. The COD and volatile solids (VS) reductions obtained were 37.9 to 94% and 9.6 to 92%, respectively. During the studies, OLR and retention times ranged between 0.117 and 7.3 g VS L(-1) day(-1) and between 0.5 and 140 days, respectively. In anaerobic processing of cattle manure, methane yields between 48 mmol CH4 L(-1) and 4681.3 m3 CH4 month(- 1) were found for the corresponding reactor volumes of 120 mL and 1300 m3, respectively. In anaerobic processing of swine manure, OLR ranged from 0.9 to 15.42 g VS L(-1) day(- 1) at mesophilic conditions (25-35 degrees C). The reactor volumes varied between 125 mL and 380 L. Temperature and retention times ranged from 25 to 60 degrees C, and 0.9 to 113 days, respectively. COD and VS reductions achieved were between 57 and 78% and between 34.5 and 61%, respectively. Moreover, methane yields were obtained between 22 and 360 mL CH4 g(-1) VS added. The results showed that UASB, anaerobic baffled reactors, CSTR, and anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR) were successfully utilized in anaerobic processing of swine manure at both mesophilic and thermophilic conditions.
已进行了一项文献综述，以研究用于家禽和牲畜粪便处理的不同厌氧工艺配置和运行条件的性能。广泛的文献综述结果表明，在禽畜粪便厌氧处理的研究中，使用了各种不同的反应器体积，从100毫升到95立方米不等。研究的停留时间在13.2小时至91天之间。大多数研究是在25至35摄氏度的中温条件下进行的。化学需氧量（COD）去除率和有机负荷率（OLR）分别为32%至78%和1.1至2.9千克COD每立方米每天。对于各种不同的反应器配置，沼气产量在每克添加COD产生180毫升至每天74立方米之间。上流式厌氧污泥床（UASB）似乎是处理禽畜粪便废水和鸡粪液体部分的合适工艺，因为它能够维持足够数量的活性生物量。文献综述表明，各种反应器配置，如固定膜反应器、附着膜生物反应器、厌氧旋转生物反应器、间歇式反应器、下流式厌氧滤池、固定拱顶装置、UASB、连续搅拌槽式反应器（CSTR）、上流式厌氧滤池（UAF）、温度分段厌氧消化（TPAD）、厌氧混合反应器（AHR）和两级厌氧系统，都非常适合牛粪的厌氧处理。在中温和高温条件下，处理牛粪废水都实现了较高的COD去除率（87%至95%）。获得的COD和挥发性固体（VS）减少率分别为37.9%至94%和9.6%至92%。在研究过程中，OLR和停留时间分别在0.117至7.3克VS每升每天和0.5至140天之间。在牛粪厌氧处理中，对于相应的120毫升和1300立方米的反应器体积，甲烷产量分别在48毫摩尔CH4每升和4681.3立方米CH4每月之间。在猪粪厌氧处理中，在中温条件（25至35摄氏度）下，OLR范围为0.9至15.42克VS每升每天。反应器体积在125毫升至380升之间。温度和停留时间分别为25至
