Exner Cornelia, Kohl Annika, Zaudig Michael, Langs Gernot, Lincoln Tania M, Rief Winfried
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Gutenbergstrasse 18, D-35032 Marburg, Germany.
J Anxiety Disord. 2009 Jun;23(5):624-31. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2009.01.010. Epub 2009 Jan 29.
Memory deficits in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have been frequently reported but are not sufficiently accounted for by cognitive models of OCD. The aim of the study was to identify cognitive mechanisms that might be able to explain memory deficits in OCD. We hypothesized that a self-conscious meta-cognitive style might be responsible for reduced memory performance in OCD. Episodic verbal memory performance was assessed in 23 participants with OCD (DSM-IV criteria) and 22 matched controls. Cognitive self-consciousness was assessed with a self-report measure derived from the Meta-Cognitions Questionnaire (MCQ). Compared to controls, OCD participants showed reduced immediate and delayed recall of complex verbal material and increased self-reported levels of cognitive self-consciousness. Multiple regression analyses indicated that group differences in story recall were significantly mediated by self-reported trait cognitive self-consciousness. Results point to the deteriorating effects of a thought-focused cognitive style on effortful encoding processes in OCD.
强迫症（OCD）患者存在记忆缺陷的情况屡有报道，但强迫症的认知模型对此并未充分解释。本研究的目的是确定可能能够解释强迫症患者记忆缺陷的认知机制。我们假设自我意识的元认知风格可能是导致强迫症患者记忆表现下降的原因。对23名符合强迫症（DSM-IV标准）的参与者和22名匹配的对照组进行了情景言语记忆表现评估。使用源自元认知问卷（MCQ）的自我报告量表评估认知自我意识。与对照组相比，强迫症患者对复杂言语材料的即时和延迟回忆减少，且自我报告的认知自我意识水平升高。多元回归分析表明，故事回忆中的组间差异显著受自我报告的特质认知自我意识的介导。结果表明，以思维为中心的认知风格对强迫症患者的努力编码过程具有恶化作用。
