Parida Satya
Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright Laboratory, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey, GU24 0NF, UK.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2009 Mar;8(3):347-65. doi: 10.1586/14760584.8.3.347.
Although present conventional foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccines can prevent clinical disease, protection is short lived ( approximately 6 months), often requiring frequent revaccination for prophylactic control, and vaccination does not induce rapid protection against challenge or prevent the development of the carrier state. Furthermore, it is clear that the clinical protection depends upon the length of immunization and the duration of exposure/challenge methods. This review summarizes the present and future strategies for FMD control in endemic and FMD-free countries, the effectiveness of FMD vaccines in cattle, sheep and pigs, new methods for selecting vaccine strains, suggestions for alternative methods of vaccine testing, suggestions for the development of new-generation efficacious vaccines and their companion tests to differentiate infection in vaccinated animals.
尽管目前的传统口蹄疫（FMD）疫苗可以预防临床疾病，但保护期较短（约6个月），通常需要频繁重新接种以进行预防性控制，而且接种疫苗并不能快速产生针对攻击的保护作用，也无法预防携带状态的形成。此外，很明显临床保护取决于免疫时长以及暴露/攻击方法的持续时间。本综述总结了在口蹄疫流行国家和无口蹄疫国家控制口蹄疫的当前和未来策略、FMD疫苗在牛、羊和猪中的有效性、选择疫苗株的新方法、疫苗测试替代方法的建议、新一代高效疫苗及其配套检测方法的开发建议，以区分接种疫苗动物的感染情况。
