Ferretti Fabio, Coluccia Anna
Department of Legal Medicine G. Bianchini, University of Siena, Policlinico S. Maria alle Scotte, 53100 Siena, Italy.
Leg Med (Tokyo). 2009 Apr;11 Suppl 1:S92-4. doi: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2009.01.014. Epub 2009 Feb 28.
Are socio-economic factors valid determinants of suicide? The modern sociological theory of suicide is based on Durkheim's studies. In addition to these fundamental social determinants, modern theorists have put more attention on economic factors. The purpose of the research is to determine the relationship between suicide rates and socio-economic factors, such as demography, economic development, education, healthcare systems, living conditions and labour market. All data were collected from a Eurostat publication and they concern 25 European Union countries. In order to test this relationship, a discriminant analysis was performed using an ordinal dependent variable and a set of independent variables concerning socio-economic factors. A dataset of 37 independent variables was used. We estimated a model with five variables: annual growth rates for industry, people working in S&T (% of total employment), at-risk-of-poverty rate, all accidents (standardized rates), and healthcare expenditures (% of GDP). Highly significant values of Wilk's Lambda assess a good discriminating power of the model. The accuracy too is very high: all cases are correctly classified by the model. Countries with high suicide rate levels are marked by high levels of at-risk-of-poverty rates, high annual growth rates for industry and low healthcare expenditures.
社会经济因素是自杀的有效决定因素吗？现代自杀社会学理论基于涂尔干的研究。除了这些基本的社会决定因素外，现代理论家更加关注经济因素。该研究的目的是确定自杀率与社会经济因素之间的关系，如人口统计学、经济发展、教育、医疗保健系统、生活条件和劳动力市场。所有数据均从欧盟统计局的一份出版物中收集，涉及25个欧盟国家。为了检验这种关系，使用一个有序因变量和一组与社会经济因素有关的自变量进行判别分析。使用了一个包含37个自变量的数据集。我们估计了一个包含五个变量的模型：工业年增长率、从事科技工作的人员（占总就业人数的百分比）、处于贫困风险率、所有事故（标准化率）以及医疗保健支出（占国内生产总值的百分比）。威尔克斯Lambda的高度显著值表明该模型具有良好的判别能力。准确率也非常高：所有案例均被该模型正确分类。自杀率高的国家的特点是贫困风险率高、工业年增长率高以及医疗保健支出低。
