Worldwide Epidemiology Department, GlaxoSmithKline, Greenford, Middlesex, UK.
Oral Oncol. 2009 Sep;45(9):809-14. doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2008.12.009. Epub 2009 Feb 28.
Population-based data on head and neck cancer (HNC) stage and histological type are poorly described for England; these data are essential for clinical management and research. The aim of this study was to describe the distribution and incidence of all HNC and selected anatomical sites by sex, age, stage and histological type using a population-based cancer registry in South East England, and determine if the incidence changed between 1995-1999 and 2000-2004. We identified all HNC cancer cases registered by the Thames Cancer Registry for 1995-1999 and 2000-2004. Frequency distributions and age-standardised incidence rates were calculated by sex, age, stage and histological type and trends in incidence between the two time periods were described using incidence rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals. A total of 8700 HNC cases were reported in 2000-2004, representing an age-standardised incidence rate of 8.59 per 100000, which did not change significantly from 1995-1999. The three commonest HNC sites were intra-oral cavity, larynx and tonsil. Males were two to six times as likely as females to be diagnosed with HNC and there was a trend toward younger age at diagnosis over time. Significant increases in the incidence rate of intra-oral cavity cancer for both sexes and tonsillar cancer among males were observed. Conversely, laryngeal cancer incidence decreased over time. Staging data was only available for about 40% of HNC cases. Seventy six percent of HNC cases were squamous cell carcinomas. Trends in incidence varied between HNC sites, highlighting the importance of presenting data for individual HNC sites. The high proportion of unstaged cancers may result from incomplete recording in medical records; thus, the reporting of staging data should be made a priority.
英格兰的头颈部癌症（HNC）分期和组织学类型的基于人群的数据描述不足；这些数据对于临床管理和研究至关重要。本研究的目的是使用东南英格兰的基于人群的癌症登记处，描述所有 HNC 和选定解剖部位的分布和发病率，按性别、年龄、分期和组织学类型，并确定发病率是否在 1995-1999 年和 2000-2004 年之间发生变化。我们确定了 Thames 癌症登记处为 1995-1999 年和 2000-2004 年登记的所有 HNC 癌症病例。按性别、年龄、分期和组织学类型计算频率分布和年龄标准化发病率，并使用发病率比和 95%置信区间描述两个时期之间发病率的变化趋势。2000-2004 年共报告了 8700 例 HNC 病例，年龄标准化发病率为 8.59/100000，与 1995-1999 年相比没有显著变化。最常见的三个 HNC 部位是口腔内、喉和扁桃体。男性被诊断为 HNC 的可能性是女性的两到六倍，并且随着时间的推移，诊断时的年龄呈下降趋势。观察到男女口腔癌和男性扁桃体癌的发病率显著增加。相反，喉癌的发病率随着时间的推移而下降。只有约 40%的 HNC 病例有分期数据。76%的 HNC 病例是鳞状细胞癌。HNC 部位的发病率趋势不同，突出了为个别 HNC 部位提供数据的重要性。未分期癌症的比例较高可能是由于医疗记录记录不完整所致；因此，应优先报告分期数据。
