泰国海啸灾难发生一年后儿童的精神疾病

Psychiatric disorders in children at one year after the tsunami disaster in Thailand.

作者信息

Piyasil Vinadda, Ketumarn Panom, Prubrukarn Ratanotai, Pacharakaew Siripapa, Dumrongphol Hattaya, Rungsri Sarinee, Sitdhiraksa Nantawat, Pitthayaratsathien Nattorn, Prasertvit Jiraporn, Sudto Korapin, Theerawongseree Siriporn, Aowjinda Sumitra, Thaeramanophab Somchit, Jotipanu Vajiraporn, Chatchavalitsakul Wilairatana

机构信息

Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Department of Medical Services, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok, Thailand.

出版信息

J Med Assoc Thai. 2008 Oct;91 Suppl 3:S15-20.

PMID:19253496

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The tsunami that struck Thailand on 26th December 2004 was the greatest natural disaster in the country's history. It left in its wake unprecedented damage and destruction. Children suffered the loss of parents or guardians, and survivors were left to cope with psychological trauma of the disaster

OBJECTIVE

To assess the psychiatric disorders in tsunami victim children at one year after the event.

MATERIAL AND METHOD

A cross sectional study was done. One thousand three hundred and sixty-four students from 2 schools were enrolled. Three tests were used according to the students' grades, pediatric symptoms checklist, Childhood Depressive Inventory and the Revised Child Impact of Events scale (CRIES). Psychiatric disorders were diagnosed by child and adolescent psychiatrists, using criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition (DSM IV). Analysis data by using SPSS version 10.0 and Chi-square test. The results were presented as percentage and p-value.

RESULTS

Psychiatric disorders were found in 142 students or 10.4 percents of all students at one year after the tsunami disaster. Not all the students who had psychiatric disorders developed them as the result of the tsunami disaster However, ninety students or 6.3 percent of all the students did have psychiatric disorders resulting from the tsunami disaster The most common psychiatric problem was post traumatic stress disorder Ten percent of grade 4-6 students and 11 percent of grade 7-9 students had psychiatric disorders. The prevalence was lower in kindergarten and grade 1-3 students of which the percentage was 2.3 and 3.8 respectively.

CONCLUSION

The prevalence of psychiatric disorders at 1 year after the tsunami disaster was 10.4 percent of all the students or 33.1 percent of victims. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in grade 4-6 and 7-9 students was higher than in kindergarten and grade 1-3 students. The most common psychiatric problem is post traumatic stress disorder.

摘要

背景

2004年12月26日袭击泰国的海啸是该国历史上最严重的自然灾害。它造成了前所未有的破坏和毁灭。儿童失去了父母或监护人，幸存者不得不应对这场灾难带来的心理创伤。

目的

评估海啸事件发生一年后海啸受害儿童的精神障碍情况。

材料与方法

进行了一项横断面研究。招募了来自2所学校的1364名学生。根据学生年级使用了三项测试，即儿童症状清单、儿童抑郁量表和事件影响量表修订版（CRIES）。儿童和青少年精神科医生根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）的标准对精神障碍进行诊断。使用SPSS版本10.0进行数据分析并进行卡方检验。结果以百分比和p值呈现。

结果

在海啸灾难发生一年后，142名学生（占所有学生的10.4%）被发现患有精神障碍。并非所有患有精神障碍的学生都是海啸灾难导致的。然而，90名学生（占所有学生的6.3%）确实患有由海啸灾难导致的精神障碍。最常见的精神问题是创伤后应激障碍。四年级至六年级学生中有10%、七年级至九年级学生中有11%患有精神障碍。幼儿园和一至三年级学生中的患病率较低，分别为2.3%和3.8%。