Nzegwu M A, Banjo A A F, Akhiwu W, Aligbe J U, Nzegwu C O
Department of Morbid Anatomy, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
Ann Afr Med. 2008 Sep;7(3):102-6. doi: 10.4103/1596-3519.55669.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Murray and Krug had reported that road traffic injuries are a major cause of death globally, with disproportionate number occurring in developing counties. Seventy out of 308 deaths that occurred in Benin City from August 2002-July 2003, representing 22.7% of all deaths was due to road traffic injuries. Despite this observation, there is a paucity of data on road traffic morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate patterns of morbidity and mortality among drivers and passengers of cars involved in road traffic accidents in Benin-City Nigeria from August 2002-July 2003 as a base line data.
Eighty-seven car drivers and passengers who were studied were part of a larger study, involved in a road traffic accident and brought to the accident and emergency units of either the University of Benin Teaching Hospital or the State Specialist Hospital between August 2002-July 2003.The injured ones were examined and dead patients had autopsy done on them.
Over all, out of 283 total accidents cases reviewed in the period of study 87 were car occupants representing 30.7% of all accident cases, and 67 patients (23.7%) sustained varying injuries, while 20 patients (7.1%) died. Commercial cars were involved in majority of cases 85%. Males were also more in number. Intracranial hemorrhage was the predominant cause of death.
Occupants of cars accounted for the singular most common category of morbidity and mortality among all road users. The male to female ratio was 2.1:1. Windscreen injuries most commonly associated with facial and head injuries represented the commonest cause of morbidity and mortality. The commonest autopsy finding as cause of death was intra-cranial hemorrhage.
背景/目的：默里和克鲁格曾报告称，道路交通事故是全球主要的死亡原因，在发展中国家发生的数量不成比例。2002年8月至2003年7月在贝宁城发生的308例死亡中，有70例（占所有死亡人数的22.7%）死于道路交通事故。尽管有此观察结果，但关于道路交通发病率和死亡率的数据却很匮乏。本研究的目的是评估2002年8月至2003年7月在尼日利亚贝宁城发生道路交通事故的汽车司机和乘客的发病和死亡模式，作为基线数据。
接受研究的87名汽车司机和乘客是一项更大规模研究的一部分，他们在2002年8月至2003年7月期间发生了道路交通事故，并被送往贝宁大学教学医院或州立专科医院的事故和急救科室。对受伤者进行了检查，对死亡患者进行了尸检。
总体而言，在研究期间审查的283起事故案例中，87名是汽车乘客，占所有事故案例的30.7%，67名患者（23.7%）受到不同程度的伤害，而20名患者（7.1%）死亡。大多数案例（85%）涉及商用车。男性数量也更多。颅内出血是主要的死亡原因。
在所有道路使用者中，汽车乘客是发病和死亡最常见的单一类别。男女比例为2.1:1。最常与面部和头部受伤相关的挡风玻璃损伤是发病和死亡的最常见原因。作为死亡原因最常见的尸检发现是颅内出血。
