尼日利亚阿巴卡利基儿童眼外伤的模式及视力预后

Pattern and visual outcome of eye injuries in children at Abakaliki, Nigeria.

作者信息

Onyekonwu G C, Chuka-Okosat C M

机构信息

Department of Ophthalmology, Ebonyi State University Teaching Hospital, Abakiliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.

出版信息

West Afr J Med. 2008 Jul;27(3):152-4.

PMID:19256319

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Most studies on ocular injuries have been conducted in urban areas to the neglect of other areas.

OBJECTIVE

To ascertain the pattern and visual outcome following eye injuries in children at Abakaliki, a largely agricultural communityy in Southern Eastern Nigeria

METHODS

A retrospective study of all the children aged 0-15 years, who had eye injuries and presented to the Federal Medical Center, Abakaliki, Nigeria, between May 2004 and June 2006. Their medical case records were retrieved and extracted data for analysis included age, sex, type and cause of eye injury and duration prior to presentation.

RESULTS

Of the 119 medical records of patients (adults and children) with eye injuries within the study period, 34 (28.6%) patients were those of children aged 0-15 years. There were 24 (70.6%) males and 10 (29.4%) females, giving a male to female ratio of 2.4:1.0. Blunt ocular injury constituted 27 (79.4%) cases whereas penetrating injury were 5 (14.7%) cases. Sharp or pointed objects accounted for 14 (41.2%) cases of agents of injuries, sticks being the commonest. While the most common place of trauma was at home 17 (50%) cases, followed by trauma at schools 9 (26.5%) cases, the commonest activity at occurrence of injuries was playing 13 (38.2%) cases. Only three (8.8%) cases presented to the hospital within 24 hours. Majority, 31 (91.2%) cases presented late. Visual prognosis was poorer in penetrating injuries than in mild blunt injuries. Final visual acuity (VA) could not be determined in 11 (32.4%) patients because they were either under age or defaulted from follow up. Of the remaining 23 (67.6%) patients, 12 (35.3%) had a final VA better than 6/18, 1 (2.9%) had VA in the range of 6/18-6/60, 6 (17.6%) had VA of < 6/60 while 4 (11.8%) had NPL. 8 (23.5%) patients needed hospital admission.

CONCLUSION

Blunt eye injury is the commonest type of injury in rural or agricultural Abakaliki, South-Eastern Nigeria. An increase in parental and care giver awareness and education is emphasized.

摘要

背景

大多数关于眼外伤的研究都在城市地区进行，而忽略了其他地区。

目的

确定尼日利亚东南部一个主要为农业社区阿巴卡利基儿童眼外伤后的模式及视力预后情况。

方法

对2004年5月至2006年6月间在尼日利亚阿巴卡利基联邦医疗中心就诊的所有0至15岁眼外伤儿童进行回顾性研究。检索他们的病历，提取分析的数据包括年龄、性别、眼外伤类型和原因以及就诊前的持续时间。

结果

在研究期间119例（成人和儿童）眼外伤患者的病历中，34例（28.6%）为0至15岁儿童患者。男性24例（70.6%），女性10例（29.4%），男女比例为2.4:1.0。钝性眼外伤27例（79.4%），穿透性损伤5例（14.7%）。锐器或尖锐物体导致的损伤占14例（41.2%），其中棍棒最为常见。外伤最常见的地点是在家中，有17例（50%），其次是在学校，有9例（26.5%），受伤时最常见的活动是玩耍，有13例（38.2%）。只有3例（8.8%）在24小时内就诊。大多数，31例（91.2%）就诊较晚。穿透性损伤的视力预后比轻度钝性损伤差。11例（32.4%）患者因年龄小或失访无法确定最终视力。在其余23例（67.6%）患者中，12例（35.3%）最终视力优于6/18，1例（2.9%）视力在6/18至6/60之间，6例（17.6%）视力<6/60，4例（11.8%）无光感。8例（23.5%）患者需要住院治疗。