Wang Chongyun, van der Meer Peter, Peng Mingchun, Douven Wim, Hessel Rudi, Dang Chenlin
Institute of Ecology and Geobotany, Yunnan University, China.
Ambio. 2009 Feb;38(1):47-54. doi: 10.1579/0044-7447-38.1.47.
In the Langcang (Upper-Mekong) watershed, degraded watershed ecosystems in upland areas threaten cultivation practices, water resources, and dam development downstream. Assessment of ecosystem services and the factors that threaten them is an important first step to support watershed management. This, however, requires detailed information that is often missing in mountainous regions. To overcome this, in this paper, we adopt a decision tree approach to assess protection, biodiversity, and production services in two mountainous watersheds (Fengqing and Xiaojie) of the Lancang River Basin. Decision tree rules were built on the basis of field surveys, available references, ecosystem maps derived from remote sensing, expert knowledge, basic topographic information, and community interviews. Decision tree results showed that forest cover and agro-forestry practices contribute greatly to improved ecosystem functioning in the Fengqing Catchment compared to the Xiaojie Catchment. The results were consistent with field observations. The decision tree method proved to be a suitable and flexible tool for the rapid assessment of watershed ecosystem services, for highlighting those areas that need more in-depth research, and for guiding watershed and ecosystem management.
在澜沧江（湄公河上游）流域，高地地区退化的流域生态系统对下游的耕作方式、水资源和大坝建设构成威胁。评估生态系统服务及其威胁因素是支持流域管理的重要第一步。然而，这需要详细信息，而山区往往缺乏这些信息。为克服这一问题，本文采用决策树方法评估澜沧江流域两个山区流域（凤庆和小街）的保护、生物多样性和生产服务。决策树规则基于实地调查、现有参考文献、遥感得出的生态系统地图、专家知识、基本地形信息和社区访谈构建。决策树结果表明，与小街流域相比，森林覆盖和农林复合经营方式对凤庆集水区生态系统功能的改善贡献更大。结果与实地观测一致。决策树方法被证明是一种适用于快速评估流域生态系统服务、突出那些需要更深入研究的区域以及指导流域和生态系统管理的合适且灵活的工具。
