School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing, 100035, China; Technology Innovation Center for Ecological Restoration in Mining Areas, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing, 100083, China.
J Environ Manage. 2022 Nov 1;321:115956. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115956. Epub 2022 Aug 18.
Variation analysis of ecosystem services (ESs) is an important means of regional watershed management, especially for the ecologically fragile Three-River Headwaters Basin (TRHB), which is an important part of the national ecological security barrier. In this study, meteorological data, remote sensing images and land use data from 2000 to 2020 in the TRHB were collected. Based on the estimation of ecosystem service values (ESVs), the spatial-temporal variations of ESVs in the three watersheds were analyzed via spatial autocorrelation analysis, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and correspondence analysis. The study indicates that for the 20-year changes in the TRHB, the provisioning service (PS) and regulating service (RS) increased in most areas except for a small decrease in the northwest, while the supporting service (SS) value in most areas in the southwest showed a decreasing trend. Through the difference results of different watersheds, it can be seen that the differences in the PS and RS values among the three watersheds became increasingly more significant with the passage of time. Moreover, a significant correspondence was identified between each watershed and each ESV level, whereby the highest ESV levels (SS-VI, RS-VI, and PS-VI) mainly corresponded to the Yellow River watershed, the high values (SS-V, RS-V, PS-V, SS-IV, RS-IV, and PS-IV) mainly corresponded to the Lancang River watershed, and the low values (SS-I, RS-I, and PS-I) corresponded to the Yangtze River watershed. Our analysis shows the variation characteristics of ESVs to provide a guiding basis for ensuring the precise implementation of the management and protection of watersheds in the TRHB or similar areas.
生态系统服务（ESs）变化分析是区域流域管理的重要手段，特别是对于生态脆弱的三江源流域（TRHB），它是国家生态安全屏障的重要组成部分。本研究收集了 TRHB 2000 年至 2020 年的气象数据、遥感图像和土地利用数据。基于生态系统服务价值（ESV）的估算，通过空间自相关分析、单向方差分析（ANOVA）和对应分析，分析了三个流域 ESV 的时空变化。研究表明，在 TRHB 的 20 年变化中，供给服务（PS）和调节服务（RS）在除西北部小面积减少外的大部分地区增加，而西南大部分地区的支撑服务（SS）价值呈下降趋势。通过不同流域的差异结果，可以看出随着时间的推移，三个流域的 PS 和 RS 值差异越来越大。此外，还确定了每个流域与每个 ESV 水平之间存在显著对应关系，其中 ESV 最高水平（SS-VI、RS-VI 和 PS-VI）主要对应黄河流域，高值（SS-V、RS-V、PS-V、SS-IV、RS-IV 和 PS-IV）主要对应澜沧江流域，低值（SS-I、RS-I 和 PS-I）对应长江流域。我们的分析显示了 ESV 的变化特征，为确保三江源流域或类似地区流域管理和保护的精确实施提供了指导依据。
