Kirby John P, Mazuski John E
Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110-1093, USA.
Surg Clin North Am. 2009 Apr;89(2):365-89, viii. doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2009.01.001.
Surgical site infections are a frequent cause of morbidity following surgical procedures. Gram-positive cocci, particularly staphylococci, cause many of these infections, although gram-negative organisms are also frequently involved. The risk of developing a surgical site infection is associated with a number of factors, including aspects of the operative procedure itself, such as wound classification, and patient-related variables, such as preexisting medical conditions. Both nonpharmacologic measures and antimicrobial prophylaxis for selected procedures are used to prevent development of these infections. Compliance with these generally accepted preventive principles may lead to overall decreases in the incidence of these infections.
手术部位感染是外科手术后发病的常见原因。革兰氏阳性球菌，尤其是葡萄球菌，是许多此类感染的病因，不过革兰氏阴性菌也常参与其中。发生手术部位感染的风险与多种因素相关，包括手术操作本身的一些方面，如伤口分类，以及与患者相关的变量，如既往病史。非药物措施和针对特定手术的抗菌预防都用于预防这些感染的发生。遵守这些普遍接受的预防原则可能会导致这些感染的总体发病率下降。
