Jung Harald, Matei Dumitru Bucur, Hecser Laszlo
Institute of Legal Medicine Tirgu Mures, str. Ghe. Marinescu 38, RO-540142 Tg. Mures, Romania.
Leg Med (Tokyo). 2009 Apr;11 Suppl 1:S95-7. doi: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2009.02.016. Epub 2009 Mar 17.
Mures County (580,000 inhabitants) has constantly higher yearly suicide rates (23-32%ooo) compared to Romania's national average (12-14%ooo). We performed a prospective study with the aim to find characteristics that should help the preventive management. Autopsy is compulsory by law in violent deaths; therefore, all suicide cases are referred to our Institute. During the period 2005-2006 we completed a multi-item questionnaire in each suicide case from a total of 273. Beside age, sex, marital status, occupation and economical status, we also investigated religious adherence, type of alcoholic beverages consumed, blood alcohol concentration, previous suicide attempts, farewell notes, medical background, behavioral changes.
sex distribution was M:F=4.8:1; average age for suicide victims was 51 years, the interquartile range was 38-62 years for men and 45-70 years for women. Hanging is by far the most used method for suicide in our region, 80% of the cases. Marital status (married/non-married) does not seem to influence suicide conduct. Social inactivity (workless, non-occupied) was observed in 65% of the victims. In rural areas we found a double suicide rate, rural/urban ratio was 2/1 while the population is equally distributed in towns and villages in our province (50%); we also noticed a seasonal variation of suicides in rural areas (with peaks in June and August) whereas in urban areas differences were statistically not significant. Ethnic Hungarians have double suicide rates compared to Romanians. Recent alcohol ingestion was noticed in 60% of men and only 27% of women suicides.
穆列什县（有58万居民）的年自杀率（23 - 32‱）一直高于罗马尼亚全国平均水平（12 - 14‱）。我们进行了一项前瞻性研究，旨在找出有助于预防管理的特征。法律规定暴力死亡必须进行尸检；因此，所有自杀案例都被转至我们研究所。在2005 - 2006年期间，我们针对总共273例自杀案例中的每一例完成了一份多项目问卷。除了年龄、性别、婚姻状况、职业和经济状况外，我们还调查了宗教信仰、饮用的酒精饮料类型、血液酒精浓度、既往自杀未遂情况、遗书、医疗背景、行为变化。
性别分布为男:女 = 4.8:1；自杀受害者的平均年龄为51岁，男性的四分位间距为38 - 62岁，女性为45 - 70岁。在我们地区，上吊是迄今为止最常用的自杀方式，占80%的案例。婚姻状况（已婚/未婚）似乎不影响自杀行为。65%的受害者存在社会不活动情况（无工作、未就业）。在农村地区，我们发现自杀率是城市的两倍，农村/城市比率为2/1，而我省城镇和乡村的人口分布均等（各占50%）；我们还注意到农村地区自杀存在季节性变化（6月和8月达到高峰），而城市地区差异在统计学上不显著。匈牙利族的自杀率是罗马尼亚族的两倍。60%的男性自杀者和仅27%的女性自杀者近期饮酒。
