Regestein Q R, Monk T H
Sleep Clinic, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.
Am J Psychiatry. 1991 Nov;148(11):1487-93. doi: 10.1176/ajp.148.11.1487.
The purpose of this article is to describe the impact of shift work on sleep, as recently acknowledged in official nosologies of sleep disorders, and to discuss whether sleep altered by shift work actually constitutes a disorder.
The authors review subjective responses to recent survey questions about sleep and polygraphic measurements of sleep in shift workers and describe sleep clinic experiences with complaints related to shift work.
Shift work entails wide variation in work schedules, sleep quality, and worker tolerance and a high prevalence of night-shift sleepiness. It probably affects rates of drug use, health status, and family organization. Clinical presentations were rare, highly varied, and empirically treated. The United States, unlike other countries, has no legal restrictions on shift work.
As a clinical phenomenon, sleep altered by shift work is common and varied, probably expresses nonphysiological sleep-wake scheduling, and is little treated. Further study of its health effects and consideration of whether it is a "disorder" or a "problem" seem warranted.
本文旨在描述轮班工作对睡眠的影响，这是近期睡眠障碍官方分类中所认可的内容，并讨论轮班工作导致的睡眠改变是否真的构成一种疾病。
作者回顾了轮班工作者对近期有关睡眠的调查问题的主观反应以及睡眠的多导睡眠图测量结果，并描述了睡眠诊所处理与轮班工作相关投诉的经验。
轮班工作在工作时间表、睡眠质量和工作者耐受性方面存在很大差异，夜班嗜睡的发生率很高。它可能会影响药物使用率、健康状况和家庭组织。临床表现很少见，高度多样化，且根据经验进行治疗。与其他国家不同，美国对轮班工作没有法律限制。
作为一种临床现象，轮班工作导致的睡眠改变很常见且多样，可能表现为非生理性的睡眠 - 觉醒时间表，并且很少得到治疗。对其健康影响进行进一步研究以及考虑它是一种“疾病”还是一个“问题”似乎是有必要的。
