Helfer Jennifer L, Calizo Lyngine H, Dong Willie K, Goodlett Charles R, Greenough William T, Klintsova Anna Y
Psychology Department, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
J Comp Neurol. 2009 May 20;514(3):259-71. doi: 10.1002/cne.22018.
The long-term effects of binge-like postnatal alcohol exposure on cell proliferation and differentiation in the adolescent rat neocortex were examined. Unlike the hippocampal dentate gyrus, where proliferation of progenitors results primarily in addition of granule cells in adulthood, the vast majority of newly generated cells in the intact mature rodent neocortex appear to be glial cells. The current study examined cytogenesis in the motor cortex of adolescent and adult rats that were exposed to 5.25 g/kg/day of alcohol on postnatal days (PD) 4-9 in a binge manner. Cytogenesis was examined at PD50 (through bromodeoxyuridine [BrdU] labeling) and survival of these newly generated cells was evaluated at PD80. At PD50, significantly more BrdU-positive cells were present in the motor cortex of alcohol-exposed rats than controls. Confocal analysis revealed that the majority (>60%) of these labeled cells also expressed NG2 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (NG2 glia). Additionally, survival of these newly generated cortical cells was affected by neonatal alcohol exposure, based on the greater reduction in the number of BrdU-labeled cells from PD50 to PD80 in the alcohol-exposed animals compared to controls. These findings demonstrate that neonatal alcohol exposure triggers an increase in gliogenesis in the adult motor cortex.
研究了产后类似暴饮暴食的酒精暴露对青春期大鼠新皮质细胞增殖和分化的长期影响。与海马齿状回不同，在海马齿状回中，祖细胞的增殖主要导致成年期颗粒细胞的增加，而在完整成熟的啮齿动物新皮质中，绝大多数新生成的细胞似乎是神经胶质细胞。本研究检测了在出生后第4 - 9天以暴饮暴食方式暴露于5.25 g/kg/天酒精的青春期和成年大鼠运动皮质中的细胞生成情况。在出生后第50天（通过溴脱氧尿苷[BrdU]标记）检测细胞生成，并在出生后第80天评估这些新生成细胞的存活率。在出生后第50天，酒精暴露组大鼠运动皮质中BrdU阳性细胞明显多于对照组。共聚焦分析显示，这些标记细胞中的大多数（>60%）也表达硫酸软骨素蛋白聚糖NG2（NG2神经胶质细胞）。此外，与对照组相比，酒精暴露组动物从出生后第50天到第80天BrdU标记细胞数量减少更多，这表明新生儿酒精暴露会影响这些新生成皮质细胞的存活率。这些发现表明，新生儿酒精暴露会引发成年运动皮质中神经胶质生成增加。
