Spicker Paul
Centre for Public Policy and Management, Aberdeen Business School, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK.
J Health Serv Res Policy. 2009 Apr;14(2):112-6. doi: 10.1258/jhsrp.2008.008056.
What does it mean to say that something is a 'priority'? Priority setting is used to balance competing claims for resources, but the nature of the exercise is ambiguous. The priorities which are claimed might be for time, resources, process, rights or service. The setting of priorities might refer to importance, relative value, precedence, special status or lexical ordering. And there are different ways of ranking priorities including simple ordering, optimization, triage and satisficing. There is a fundamental distinction between preference rankings and precedence rankings, which can lead to strongly different conclusions from the same initial information. Because there is no definitive understanding of what a priority is, there can be no authoritative formula for deciding between competing claims.
说某事物是“优先事项”意味着什么？优先级设定用于平衡对资源的相互竞争的需求，但这种做法的性质是模糊的。所宣称的优先事项可能涉及时间、资源、流程、权利或服务。优先级的设定可能指重要性、相对价值、优先权、特殊地位或词汇排序。而且有不同的方式对优先级进行排序，包括简单排序、优化、分类筛选和满足最低要求。偏好排序和优先权排序之间存在根本区别，这可能从相同的初始信息得出截然不同的结论。由于对于什么是优先事项没有明确的理解，所以在相互竞争的需求之间做出决定时没有权威的公式。
