Komine Hidehiko, Sugawara Jun, Hayashi Koichiro, Yoshizawa Mutsuko, Yokoi Takashi
Institute for Human Science and Biomedical Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2009 May;106(5):1499-505. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.91447.2008. Epub 2009 Mar 19.
Endurance exercise training increases arterial baroreflex sensitivity that corresponds to alteration in vessel wall compliance of the carotid artery in elderly men. Here, we examined whether regular endurance exercise increases arterial baroreflex sensitivity through neural alteration of the baroreflex arc in young men. We assessed arterial baroreflex sensitivity in eight sedentary men (age 24 +/- 1 yr) and nine men trained in endurance exercise (age 23 +/- 1 yr) during phase IV of the Valsalva maneuver [systolic arterial blood pressure (SAP)-R-R interval relationship]. Arterial baroreflex sensitivity was further analyzed by dividing the mechanical component [SAP-end-systolic carotid lumen diameter relationship (ultrasonography)] and the neural component (end-systolic carotid lumen diameter-R-R interval relationship). Carotid arterial compliance was determined using B-mode ultrasound and arterial applanation tonometry on the common carotid artery. Arterial baroreflex sensitivity and its neural component were greater in the exercise-trained group (P < 0.05). In contrast, carotid arterial compliance and the mechanical component of arterial baroreflex sensitivity did not differ between groups. These results suggest that regular endurance exercise in young men increases arterial baroreflex sensitivity through changes in the neural component of the baroreflex arc and not through alterations in vessel wall compliance of the carotid artery.
耐力运动训练可提高老年男性的动脉压力反射敏感性，这与颈动脉血管壁顺应性的改变有关。在此，我们研究了规律的耐力运动是否通过改变年轻男性压力反射弧的神经调节来提高动脉压力反射敏感性。我们评估了8名久坐不动的男性（年龄24±1岁）和9名接受耐力运动训练的男性（年龄23±1岁）在瓦尔萨尔瓦动作第四阶段（收缩期动脉血压-SAP-R-R间期关系）时的动脉压力反射敏感性。通过划分机械成分（SAP-收缩末期颈动脉管腔直径关系，超声检查）和神经成分（收缩末期颈动脉管腔直径-R-R间期关系）进一步分析动脉压力反射敏感性。使用B型超声和颈总动脉压平式眼压计测定颈动脉顺应性。运动训练组的动脉压力反射敏感性及其神经成分更高（P<0.05）。相比之下，两组之间的颈动脉顺应性和动脉压力反射敏感性的机械成分没有差异。这些结果表明，年轻男性进行规律的耐力运动可通过改变压力反射弧的神经成分而非颈动脉血管壁顺应性来提高动脉压力反射敏感性。
